Table 4 Work stressors associated with health professionals’ job satisfaction and intention to leave
Acute care/rehabilitation hospitals | Psychiatric hospitals | Nursing homes | Home care organizations | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcome variable: job satisfaction | Marginal R2 = 0.68; Conditional R2 = 0.68 | Marginal R2 = 0.69, Conditional R2 = 0.69 | Marginal R2 = 0.69; Conditional R2 = 0.69 | Marginal R2 = 0.65; Conditional R2 = 0.65 | ||||||||
Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | |
(Intercept) | 0.00 | 1.53 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.388 | 0.00 | 2.35 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 2.60 | 0.000 |
Years of professional experience | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.004 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.052 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.000 | |||
Years in current position | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.004 | |||||||||
Still in training | 0.03 | 0.56 | 0.080 | |||||||||
Employees in administration and research | -0.04 | 3.23 | 0.004 | |||||||||
Physicians | 0.08 | 0.57 | 0.000 | 0.02 | 0.73 | 0.116 | ||||||
Midwives | -0.02 | 0.88 | 0.096 | |||||||||
Nurse assistants with a formal education | 0.03 | 0.52 | 0.104 | |||||||||
Registered nurses | 0.02 | 0.29 | 0.050 | |||||||||
Working hours per week | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.014 | |||||||||
Emotional demands at work | -0.03 | 0.01 | 0.002 | -0.06 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.08 | 0.02 | 0.000 | |||
Physical demands at work | -0.07 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.09 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.07 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.08 | 0.01 | 0.000 |
Quantitative demands at work | -0.04 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.03 | 0.01 | 0.066 | -0.07 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.03 | 0.02 | 0.112 |
Demands to hide emotions | -0.04 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.06 | 0.01 | 0.000 | ||||||
Meaning of work | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.082 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.000 | |||
Influence at work | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.000 | ||||||
Opportunities for development | 0.13 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.000 |
Bond with the organization | 0.19 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.18 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 0.000 |
Feedback | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.006 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.016 |
Quality of leadership | 0.23 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.25 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.22 | 0.02 | 0.000 |
Social community at work | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.000 |
Social relations at work | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Role clarity | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.050 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.068 | ||||||
Role conflicts | -0.05 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.11 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.05 | 0.01 | 0.006 | -0.03 | 0.01 | 0.130 |
Social support at work | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.066 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.012 | |||
Unfair behavior | -0.04 | 0.01 | 0.002 | -0.07 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.06 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.03 | 0.01 | 0.088 |
Predictability | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.028 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.002 |
Rewards | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.006 | |||
Insecurity of the working environment | -0.03 | 0.01 | 0.006 | |||||||||
Difficulties with demarcation | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.042 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.016 | ||||||
Work–private life conflict | -0.13 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.08 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.14 | 0.01 | 0.000 | -0.14 | 0.02 | 0.000 |
Demanding work environment | -0.02 | 0.01 | 0.050 | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.052 | ||||||
Middle-management position | 0.03 | 0.43 | 0.000 | 0.05 | 0.56 | 0.000 | 0.06 | 0.66 | 0.002 | |||
Doing shift work | 0.04 | 0.45 | 0.000 | -0.05 | 0.49 | 0.010 | ||||||
Language region: German-speaking | 0.03 | 0.49 | 0.022 | |||||||||
Outcome variable: intention to leave the organization | Marginal R2 = 0.36; Conditional R2 = 0.36 | Marginal R2 = 0.36; Conditional R2 = 0.36 | Marginal R2 = 0.39; Conditional R2 = 0.39 | Marginal R2 = 0.30; Conditional R2 = 0.31 | ||||||||
Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | |
(Intercept) | 0.00 | 3.63 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.083 | 0.00 | 5.44 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 5.26 | 0.000 |
Age (years) | -0.14 | 0.05 | 0.000 | -0.11 | 0.03 | 0.003 | -0.08 | 0.05 | 0.008 | -0.10 | 0.06 | 0.000 |
Years of professional experience | -0.04 | 0.06 | 0.134 | -0.05 | 0.03 | 0.125 | -0.06 | 0.06 | 0.030 | -0.07 | 0.07 | 0.064 |
Years in current position | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.022 | |||||||||
Still in training | -0.04 | 0.86 | 0.002 | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.045 | -0.08 | 1.28 | 0.000 | -0.08 | 1.22 | 0.000 |
Physicians | -0.05 | 1.26 | 0.000 | -0.04 | 7.87 | 0.064 | ||||||
Nurse assistants without formal education | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.011 | -0.08 | 1.58 | 0.002 | -0.05 | 1.79 | 0.066 | |||
Nurse assistants with a formal education | -0.09 | 0.02 | 0.001 | -0.06 | 1.16 | 0.002 | ||||||
Registered nurses | 0.05 | 0.65 | 0.000 | 0.05 | 1.19 | 0.064 | ||||||
Gender | 0.05 | 0.83 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Emotional demands at work | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.158 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.048 | ||||||
Physical demands at work | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.078 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.032 | ||||||
Quantitative demands at work | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.163 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.130 | |||
Demands to hide emotions | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.060 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.126 | ||||||
Meaning of work | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.006 | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.058 | ||||||
Influence at work | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.092 | -0.09 | 0.03 | 0.000 | ||||||
Opportunities for development | -0.08 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.06 | 0.02 | 0.021 | -0.09 | 0.04 | 0.000 | -0.11 | 0.04 | 0.000 |
Bond with the organization | -0.21 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.22 | 0.02 | 0.001 | -0.25 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.13 | 0.03 | 0.000 |
Quality of leadership | -0.16 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.16 | 0.02 | 0.001 | -0.14 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.10 | 0.04 | 0.008 |
Social community at work | -0.03 | 0.02 | 0.014 | -0.04 | 0.04 | 0.082 | ||||||
Role conflicts | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.020 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.004 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.004 |
Social support at work | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.150 | |||||||||
Unfair behavior | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.010 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.004 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.000 |
Predictability | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.080 | |||||||||
Rewards | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.038 | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.037 | -0.04 | 0.03 | 0.154 | |||
Insecurity of the working environment | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.102 | -0.05 | 0.03 | 0.062 | ||||||
Difficulties with demarcation | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.050 | |||||||||
Work–private life conflict | 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.000 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.000 |
Middle-management position | 0.02 | 0.96 | 0.126 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.148 | 0.05 | 1.75 | 0.028 | |||
Upper-management position | 0.04 | 2.74 | 0.104 | |||||||||
Doing shift work | -0.04 | 0.81 | 0.002 | |||||||||
Language region: German-speaking | 0.04 | 0.89 | 0.006 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.06 | 1.41 | 0.012 | |||
Outcome variable: intention to leave the profession | Marginal R2 = 0.29; Conditional R2 = 0.29 | Marginal R2 = 0.27; Conditional R2 = 0.28 | Marginal R2 = 0.36; Conditional R2 = 0.37 | Marginal R2 = 0.26; Conditional R2 = 0.27 | ||||||||
Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | Beta (std.) | SE* | |||
(Intercept) | 0.00 | 3.18 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 5.12 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 6.10 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 6.27 | 0.000 |
Age (years) | -0.12 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.09 | 0.04 | 0.000 | -0.09 | 0.04 | 0.000 | -0.13 | 0.05 | 0.000 |
Still in training | -0.02 | 0.84 | 0.116 | -0.04 | 1.27 | 0.090 | -0.10 | 1.25 | 0.000 | |||
Employees in administration and research | 0.02 | 1.77 | 0.074 | -0.05 | 3.82 | 0.044 | ||||||
Physicians | -0.04 | 1.31 | 0.004 | -0.04 | 1.65 | 0.096 | ||||||
Nurse assistants without formal education | -0.03 | 3.28 | 0.080 | -0.08 | 1.57 | 0.002 | ||||||
Nurse assistants with a formal education | 0.07 | 1.03 | 0.000 | -0.06 | 1.40 | 0.050 | ||||||
Registered nurses | 0.04 | 0.66 | 0.006 | 0.04 | 1.01 | 0.072 | -0.06 | 1.47 | 0.032 | 0.04 | 1.11 | 0.210 |
Working hours per week | -0.03 | 0.01 | 0.048 | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.106 | ||||||
Physical demands at work | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.006 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.086 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.036 | |||
Emotional demands at work | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.086 | |||||||||
Quantitative demands at work | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.008 | |||||||||
Demands to hide emotions | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.012 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.012 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.102 |
Meaning of work | -0.11 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.11 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.04 | 0.04 | 0.062 | -0.07 | 0.04 | 0.016 |
Influence at work | -0.06 | 0.03 | 0.028 | |||||||||
Opportunities for development | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | -0.07 | 0.03 | 0.004 | -0.05 | 0.04 | 0.024 | -0.13 | 0.04 | 0.000 |
Scope for breaks/holidays | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.096 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.164 | ||||||
Bond with the organization | -0.18 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.17 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.22 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.11 | 0.03 | 0.002 |
Quality of leadership | -0.03 | 0.02 | 0.106 | -0.07 | 0.03 | 0.010 | ||||||
Social community at work | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.104 | -0.04 | 0.03 | 0.048 | ||||||
Role conflicts | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.004 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.100 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.062 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.006 |
Social relations at work | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.104 | |||||||||
Social support at work | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.086 | |||||||||
Unfair behavior | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.034 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.004 | |||
Predictability | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.038 | ||||||
Rewards | -0.05 | 0.01 | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.168 | ||||||
Insecurity of the working environment | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.048 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.000 | ||||||
Work–private life conflict | 0.23 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.000 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.000 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.000 |
Demanding work environment | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.010 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.056 | ||||||
Gender | 0.08 | 2.22 | 0.002 | |||||||||
Upper-management position | 0.03 | 1.90 | 0.124 | |||||||||
Doing shift work | -0.04 | 1.08 | 0.094 | -0.06 | 1.12 | 0.016 | ||||||
Language region: German-speaking | 0.07 | 1.02 | 0.000 | 0.03 | 2.53 | 0.248 | 0.12 | 1.39 | 0.000 | |||