Table 2 Odds of receiving care from only one generalist physician. Results are for admissions aged 66+ without an Intensive Care Unit stay during hospitalization, adjusted for patient characteristics, from a two level logistic regression model (hospital and admission), among a 20% sample of US fee-for-service Medicare enrollees age > 66 years, from 1/1/16 to 12/31/18
Characteristic | N (%) | Observed rate | Model 1 Odds Ratioa (95% Confidence Interval) | Model 2 Odds Ratioa (95% Confidence Interval) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
All | 729,417 | 43.1% | ||
Age (Per year) | ||||
Q1 (> = 66; <=73) | 188,231 (25.8%) | 42.8% | Reference | Reference |
Q2 (> = 74; <=80) | 182,726 (25.1%) | 43.1% | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) |
Q3 (> = 81; <=87) | 189,102 (25.9%) | 43.1% | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) |
Q4 (> = 87) | 169,358 (23.2%) | 43.3% | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) |
Education (Percent of persons age 25+ in Zip area with high school education) (per percent) | ||||
Q1 (<=82.8) | 183,360 (25.1%) | 48.2% | Reference | Reference |
Q2 (> = 82.9; <=88.7) | 182,269 (25.0%) | 44.0% | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) |
Q3 (> = 88.8; <=93.0) | 183,500 (25.2%) | 41.1% | 0.97 (0.96–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) |
Q4 (> = 93.1) | 180,288 (24.7%) | 38.9% | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) | 0.98 (0.97–1.01) |
Year | ||||
2016 | 239,223 (32.8%) | 44.4% | Reference | Reference |
2017 | 247,960 (34.0%) | 43.1% | 0.96 (0.95–0.97) | 0.96 (0.95–0.97) |
2018 | 242,234 (33.2%) | 41.7% | 0.91 (0.90–0.92) | 0.91 (0.90–0.92) |
Gender | ||||
Female | 440,343 (60.4%) | 43.5% | Reference | Reference |
Male | 289,074 (39.6%) | 42.5% | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) |
Medicaid | ||||
No | 570,166 (78.2%) | 42.3% | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 159,251 (21.8%) | 46.0% | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) |
Race | ||||
White | 612,701 (84.0%) | 42.3% | Reference | Reference |
Black | 64,030 (8.8%) | 46.4% | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) |
Hispanic | 30,267 (4.1%) | 49.9% | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) | 0.99 (0.97–1.02) |
Other | 22,419 (3.1%) | 45.0% | 1.02 (0.98–1.05) | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) |
Residence prior to hospitalization | ||||
Community | 667,721 (91.5%) | 43.2% | Reference | Reference |
Nursing facility or other institution | 61,696 (8.5%) | 42.1% | 0.94 (0.92–0.96) | 0.94 (0.92–0.96) |
Length of stay | ||||
3 days | 315,555 (43.2%) | 50.1% | Reference | Reference |
4 days | 202,754 (27.8%) | 41.9% | 0.68 (0.67–0.69) | 0.68 (0.67–0.69) |
5 days | 127,899 (17.5%) | 35.5% | 0.49 (0.48–0.50) | 0.50 (0.49–0.50) |
6 days | 83,209 (11.4%) | 30.8% | 0.38 (0.38–0.39) | 0.39 (0.38–0.39) |
Number of hospitalizations in 12 months before admission (per hospitalization) | ||||
0 | 335,465 (46.0%) | 42.8% | Reference | Reference |
1 | 186,403 (25.6%) | 42.8% | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) |
2 and 3 | 147,014 (20.2%) | 43.5% | 1.03 (1.02–1.05) | 1.03 (1.02–1.05) |
4 and above | 60,535 (8.3%) | 44.3% | 1.05 (1.02–1.07) | 1.05 (1.02–1.07) |
Emergency hospitalization | ||||
No | 143,678 (19.7%) | 50.0% | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 585,739 (80.3%) | 41.4% | 0.77 (0.75–0.78) | 0.77 (0.76–0.79) |
Weekend hospitalization | ||||
No | 505,956 (69.4%) | 45.2% | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 223,461 (30.6%) | 38.3% | 0.73 (0.73–0.74) | 0.73 (0.73–0.74) |
Bed size | ||||
> 500 | 169,656 (23.3%) | 39.9% | – | Reference |
201–500 | 314,367 (43.1%) | 40.5% | – | 1.04 (0.91–1.20) |
<=200 | 245,394 (33.6%) | 48.6% | – | 1.37 (1.19–1.58) |
Location | ||||
Rural | 138,481 (19.0%) | 53.1% | – | Reference |
Urban | 590,936 (81.0%) | 40.7% | – | 0.64 (0.59–0.70) |
Type of provider | ||||
For profit | 96,302 (13.3%) | 52.1% | – | Reference |
Public | 97,306 (13.3%) | 48.3% | – | 0.82 (0.74–0.92) |
Non-profit | 535,809 (73.4%) | 40.5% | – | 0.54 (0.49, 0.59) |
Medical school affiliation | ||||
Major | 143,993 (19.7%) | 41.3% | – | Reference |
Limited | 144,656 (19.8%) | 40.0% | – | 0.80 (0.69–0.92) |
Graduate | 31,784 (4.4%) | 38.1% | – | 0.83 (0.66, 1.04) |
No affiliation | 408,984 (56.1%) | 45.2% | – | 0.96 (0.85, 1.10) |