Table 3 Sociodemographic characteristics associated with the use of professional childbirth and postnatal care services

Year (2000)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 2014

17.89^***

(14.55,21.99)

10.24^***

(6.21,16.91)

20.31^***

(15.98,25.81)

6.31^***

(5.20,7.66)

7.07^***

(3.90,12.83)

6.10^***

(4.94,7.52)

Age (15–19)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 20–24

0.92

(0.56,1.51)

0.98

(0.31,3.13)

0.93

(0.54,1.60)

1.10

(0.69,1.76)

0.72

(0.20,2.55)

1.18

(0.71,1.96)

 25–29

1.10

(0.67,1.79)

1.75

(0.56,5.49)

1.03

(0.60,1.76)

1.42

(0.89,2.27)

2.28

(0.63,8.23)

1.36

(0.82,2.26)

 30–34

1.30

(0.78,2.15)

2.06

(0.64,6.67)

1.26

(0.72,2.20)

1.62

(,2.62)

1.46

(0.40,5.30)

1.64

(0.97,2.77)

 35–39

1.13

(0.66,1.92)

2.21

(0.61,7.97)

1.06

(0.58,1.91)

1.34

(0.81,2.22)

1.13

(0.28,4.55)

1.35

(0.78,2.33)

 40–44

1.23

(0.69,2.19)

2.68

(0.66,10.92)

1.16

(0.61,2.19)

1.35

(0.79,2.29)

1.01

(0.23,4.42)

1.39

(0.78,2.47)

 45–49

0.78

(0.38,1.62)

1.66

(0.21,13.34)

0.73

(0.33,1.60)

1.55

(0.79,3.01)

2.30

(0.15,35.14)

1.52

(0.75,3.08)

Residence (Urban)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Rural

0.29^***

(0.23,0.38)

0.71^**

(0.56,0.92)

Education (None)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Primary

1.40^**

(1.12,1.74)

2.34^**

(1.25,4.39)

1.29^*

(1.02,1.64)

1.09

(0.90,1.32)

0.89

(0.46,1.74)

1.11

(0.90,1.35)

 Secondary

2.22^***

(1.67,2.95)

2.92^**

(1.45,5.86)

2.16^***

(1.57,2.97)

1.87^***

(1.42,2.47)

1.51

(0.69,3.28)

1.91^***

(1.41,2.59)

Husband’s Education (None)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Primary

1.14

(0.89,1.46)

0.73

(0.34,1.56)

1.19

(0.92,1.55)

1.21

(0.97,1.51)

1.52

(0.71,3.24)

1.19

(0.94,1.49)

 Secondary

2.13^***

(1.60,2.83)

2.16

(0.97,4.82)

2.04^***

(1.50,2.78)

1.51^**

(1.17,1.96)

1.50

(0.67,3.37)

1.51^**

(1.15,1.98)

Wealth quintile (Poorest)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Poorer

1.29^*

(1.04,1.61)

1.32

(0.63,2.75)

1.28^*

(1.02,1.61)

0.84

(0.68,1.03)

0.58

(0.24,1.40)

0.85

(0.69,1.06)

 Middle

1.40^**

(1.09,1.78)

0.93

(0.46,1.88)

1.54^**

(1.18,2.01)

1.01

(0.80,1.27)

1.01

(0.43,2.38)

(0.79,1.28)

 Richer

1.48^**

(1.13,1.95)

2.25^*(1.05,4.85)

1.49^**

(1.11,2.02)

1.17

(0.91,1.50)

1.11

(0.48,2.61)

1.17

(0.89,1.52)

 Richest

1.51^**

(1.14,2.01)

1.53

(0.81,2.90)

1.75^**

(1.24,2.47)

1.35^*

(1.05,1.74)

1.74

(0.83,3.67)

1.19

(0.89,1.57)

Households head (Male)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Female

1.21

(0.98,1.50)

1.36

(0.82,2.25)

1.19

(0.94,1.52)

1.04

(0.85,1.27)

1.08

(0.63,1.87)

1.03

(0.83,1.28)

 White collar

2.23^**

(1.25,3.97)

1.73

(0.68,4.37)

1.22

(0.96,1.55)

1.23

(0.99,1.52)

1.31

(0.92,1.87)

1.18

(0.75,1.86)

 Blue collar

0.61

(0.35,1.05)

0.70

(0.43,1.13)

0.86

(0.59,1.26)

1.27

(0.81,1.99)

0.69^*

(0.51,0.92)

0.86

(0.60,1.22)

Financial decision maker (Respondent Alone)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Respondent & Partner

0.87

(0.73,1.03)

0.81

(0.52,1.27)

0.88

(0.73,1.06)

0.87

(0.74,1.02)

0.81

(0.50,1.30)

0.89

(0.75,1.05)

 Other

1.00

(0.34,2.92)

1.05

(0.08,13.73)

0.98

(0.28,3.37)

0.58

(0.25,1.36)

1.10

(0.29,4.17)

0.63

(0.27,1.48)

 Husband/Partner Alone

0.51^*

(0.29,0.91)

1.24

(0.33,4.59)

0.39^**

(0.20,0.75)

0.51^**

(0.32,0.83)

0.49

(0.13,1.90)

0.52^*

(0.31,0.88)

Electronic media user (No)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Yes

1.13

(0.93,1.38)

2.82^**

(1.49,5.33)

1.04

(0.85,1.29)

1.50^***

(1.25,1.80)

1.72

(0.90,3.26)

1.45^***

(1.20,1.76)

Last child wanted (Yes)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 No

0.98

(0.79,1.20)

1.64

(0.96,2.83)

0.90

(0.72,1.13)

0.87

(0.73,1.05)

0.71

(0.41,1.25)

0.89

(0.74,1.08)

Parity (1/2)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  > 2

0.53^***

(0.43,0.66)

0.51^*

(0.30,0.89)

0.53^***

(0.42,0.67)

0.74^**

(0.60,0.90)

1.11

(0.61,2.03)

0.70^**

(0.56,0.87)

ANC visits (<Four)

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Four/More

3.44^***

(2.90,4.09)

3.60^***

(2.26,5.75)

3.41^***

(2.82,4.12)

2.18^***

(1.81,2.64)

2.07^*

(1.17,3.65)

2.22^***

(1.82,2.72)

 Pseudo R²

0.485

0.457

0.460

0.305

0.324

0.275