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Table 1 Descriptive statistics

From: Medical insurance and health equity in health service utilization among the middle-aged and older adults in China: a quantile regression approach

 

Total

NCMS

URBMI

UEBMI

Statistica

P

n(%)

n(%)

n(%)

n(%)

Demographic variables

 Gender

    

127

< 0.001

  Male

6247(47.7)

5060(46.5)

958(60.0)

229(37.9)

  

  Female

6840(52.3)

5826(53.5)

638(40.0)

376(62.1)

  

 Age

    

75

< 0.001

  Mean ± SD

60.8 ± 9.3

60.5 ± 9.3

62.7 ± 9.5

61.4 ± 9.5

  

 Education

    

501

< 0.001

  Illiteracy

3342(25.5)

3191(29.3)

73(4.6)

78(12.9)

  

  Literacy

9745(74.5)

7695(70.7)

1523(95.4)

527(87.1)

  

 Marital

    

17

< 0.001

  Married

10,791(82.5)

8923(82.0)

1374(86.1)

494(81.7)

  

  Others

2296(17.5)

1963(18.0)

222(13.9)

111(18.3)

  

 Log(Income)

    

1515

< 0.001

  Mean ± SD

4.5 ± 4.4

4 ± 4.1

7.8 ± 4.5

5.2 ± 4.7

  

DVs and other IVs

 Self-reported health

    

118

< 0.001

  Poor

2927(22.4)

2611(24.0)

199(12.5)

117(19.3)

  

  Fair

7191(54.9)

5927(54.4)

919(57.6)

345(57.0)

  

  Good

1476(11.3)

1145(10.5)

256(16.0)

75(12.4)

  

  Very good

1341(10.2)

1076(9.9)

203(12.7)

62(10.3)

  

  Excellent

152(1.2)

127(1.2)

19(1.2)

6(1.0)

  

 ADLs

    

46

< 0.001

  Mean ± SD

0.4 ± 1

0.4 ± 1

0.2 ± 0.7

0.4 ± 1

  

 IADLs

    

179

< 0.001

  Mean ± SD

0.4 ± 0.9

0.5 ± 1

0.2 ± 0.7

0.3 ± 0.8

  

 Demand

    

17

< 0.001

  Yes

811(6.2)

706(6.5)

62(3.9)

43(7.1)

  

  No

12,276(93.8)

10,180(93.5)

1534(96.1)

562(92.9)

  

 Hospitals

    

344

< 0.001

  One or more

8181(62.5)

6421(59.0)

1274(79.8)

486(80.3)

  

  No

4906(37.5)

4465(41.0)

322(20.2)

119(19.7)

  

 Health centers

    

1515

< 0.001

  One or more

2396(18.3)

1350(12.4)

777(48.7)

269(44.5)

  

  No

10,691(81.7)

9536(87.6)

819(51.3)

336(55.5)

  

 Clinics

    

3291

< 0.001

  One or more

10,669(81.5)

9821(90.2)

561(35.2)

287(47.4)

  

  No

2418(18.5)

1065(9.8)

1035(64.8)

318(52.6)

  

 Provincesb

      

 Chronicb

      

 Log (Medical Expenditure)

    

18

< 0.001

  Mean ± SD

2 ± 3.4

2 ± 3.3

2.4 ± 3.8

2.2 ± 3.6

  
  1. Legends: a: Kruskal-Wallis is used to assess differences between group
  2. b: See Table 1S in Additional file 1