Table 4 Adjusted odds ratios of reporting an effect caused by the reimbursement reform
Any effect | |
|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | |
Sociodemographic and -economic variables | |
Age | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) |
Female gender | 1.13 (0.77–1.66) |
Household’s monthly income | |
Less than EUR 1000 | 1.00 |
EUR 1000–1999 | 1.15 (0.59–2.23) |
EUR 2000–2999 | 0.95 (0.48–1.88) |
EUR 3000–3999 | 1.05 (0.45–2.46) |
EUR 4000 or more | 0.86 (0.35–2.08) |
Education | |
Basic education or some other | 1.00 |
Vocational upper secondary education and training | 1.14 (0.68–1.92) |
Post-secondary non-higher vocational education | 0.70 (0.41–1.18) |
Matriculation examination | 0.99 (0.41–2.43) |
University or polytechnic degree | 1.28 (0.65–2.52) |
Working | 0.62 (0.33–1.14) |
Financial difficulties in purchasing antidiabetic medicines | 5.20 (2.99–9.06) |
Annual maximum limit on out-of-pocket costs exceeded | |
Yes | 1.00 |
Will be exceeded | 1.33 (0.52–3.41) |
Will not likely be exceeded or does not know | 2.17 (1.19–3.95) |
Diabetes-related variables | |
How long has had diabetes | |
More than 20 years | 1.00 |
11–20 years | 0.60 (0.30–1.20) |
6–10 years | 0.82 (0.41–1.66) |
2–5 years | 0.63 (0.29–1.35) |
1 year or less | 0.17 (0.05–0.55) |
Number of diabetes complications | 0.91 (0.76–1.10) |
Use of antidiabetic medicines | |
Insulin | 0.97 (0.62–1.52) |
Metformin | 1.41 (0.84–2.35) |
Sulfonylureas | 1.37 (0.50–3.76) |
Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering medicines | 4.26 (2.13–8.53) |
Glitazones | 3.87 (1.15–13.01) |
DPP-4-inhibitors | 2.93 (1.89–4.53) |
Glinides | 1.12 (0.21–5.95) |
GLP-1-analogues | 3.47 (1.76–6.83) |
SGLT2-inhibitors | 2.44 (1.39–4.26) |
Use of hypertension medication | 1.30 (0.80–2.13) |
Use of cholesterol medication | 1.18 (0.77–1.81) |