Table 6 Difference-in-differences estimates of effect of Enhanced Primary Care on the multimorbid population (robustness checks)
| Â | Robustness check 1 | Robustness check 2 | Robustness check 3 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Alternative control group) | (Medium-term effects) | (Simplified analysis) | |||||||
Outcomes | N | Adjusteda difference-in-differences (95% CI) | N | Adjusteda difference-in-differences (95% CI) | N | Adjusteda difference-in-differences (95% CI) | |||
Health status | |||||||||
 EQ-5D-5L | 81,924 | −0.0266 | (−0.0702 to 0.0171) | 874,075 | −0.0104 | (−0.0550 to 0.0340) | 874,075 | 0.0014 | (−0.0158 to 0.0186) |
 Physical functioning | 85,457 | −0.0084 | (−0.0460 to 0.0292) | 919,785 | 0.0078 | (−0.0425 to 0.0582) | 919,785 | 0.0096 | (−0.0076 to 0.0268) |
 Psychological wellbeing | 85,923 | −0.0150 | (−0.0150 to 0.1124) | 924,974 | −0.0514 | (−0.0705 to -0.0324)‡‡ | 924,974 | −0.0090 | (−0.0301 to 0.0121) |
 Resilience | 86,295 | −0.0166 | (−0.0803 to 0.0470) | 931,207 | 0.0161 | (−0.0168 to 0.0489) | 931,207 | 0.0062 | (−0.0090 to 0.0214) |
Experience of care | |||||||||
 Person-centeredness | 78,939 | −0.0331 | (−0.0566 to -0.0100)‡‡ | 854,635 | −0.0212 | (−0.0534 to 0.0110) | 854,635 | −0.0068 | (−0.0218 to 0.0082) |
 Continuity of care | 62,872 | −0.0742 | (−0.2108 to 0.0624) | 622,963 | −0.0340 | (−0.1042 to 0.0361) | 622,963 | −0.0141 | (−0.0530 to 0.0248) |
Health behaviour | |||||||||
 Smoking habit | 87,912 | −0.0022 | (−0.0349 to 0.0304) | 952,453 | 0.0220 | (−0.0204 to 0.0644) | 952,453 | −0.0160 | (−0.0344 to 0.0023) |
Health care utilisation | |||||||||
 Primary care utilisationb | 88,595 | −0.0402 | (−0.1028 to 0.0223) | 959,800 | 0.0025 | (−0.0244 to 0.0294) | 959,800 | 0.0064 | (−0.0070 to 0.0197) |