Fig. 3

Proportion of residual variation at the hospital, Local Health District, and Statistical Local Area of residence levels. The total length of the bars shows the total proportion of variation explained by hospital, Local Health District, and Statistical Local Area. The remaining residual variation is attributable to unmeasured characteristics of the individual episode. LHD was not included in the models for EVAR and spinal fusion because of the small number of hospitals performing these procedures. ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. EVAR, endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm