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Table 3 Logistic regression on the type of healthcare provider visited when first time feeling unwell (private clinic/hospital: yes, others: no, N = 202)

From: High use of private providers for first healthcare seeking by drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study in Yangon, Myanmar

Characteristics

Yes

No

Odds ratio

95% Confidence interval

Age

 18–24

20

6

1

1

 25–34

30

27

0.33*

(0.12,0.95)

 35–44

28

15

0.56

(0.19,1.69)

 45–54

25

13

0.58

(0.19,1.79)

 55–64

11

11

0.30

(0.09,1.03)

 65>

12

4

0.90

(0.21,3.85)

Sex

 Woman

49

15

1

1

 Man

77

61

0.39**

(0.20,0.75)

Ethnic group

 Bamar

106

63

1

1

 Mixed

4

2

1.19

(0.21,6.68)

 Ethnic minority

16

11

0.86

(0.38,1.98)

Religion

 Buddhist

115

70

1

1

 Christian

7

3

1.42

(0.36,5.67)

 Muslim

4

3

0.81

(0.18,3.73)

Marital status

 Single never married

42

19

1

1

 Married/cohabitating

73

48

0.69

(0.36,1.32)

 Divorced/separated/widowed

11

9

0.55

(0.20,1.56)

Occupation

 Dependent on earnings of a family member

36

8

1

1

 Daily wage earner

4

1

0.89

(0.09,9.06)

 Self-employed or private employee

35

26

0.30*

(0.12,0.75)

 Government employee

7

6

0.26*

(0.07,0.98)

 Unemployed

40

31

0.29**

(0.12,0.70)

 Retired or other

4

4

0.22

(0.05,1.08)

Education level

 None or Less than primary

20

15

1

1

 Primary school completed

35

19

1.38

(0.58,3.30)

 Middle school completed

34

25

1.02

(0.44,2.38)

 High school completed or graduated

37

17

1.63

(0.68,3.94)

Household incomed in kyat (and USD)a

 0/100000 (0/91)

20

18

1

1

 100,001/150000 (91/136)

20

18

1

(0.41,2.46)

 150,001/200000 (136/181)

27

19

1.28

(0.54,3.04)

 200,001/300000 (181/271)

25

15

1.50

(0.61,3.70)

 300,001/max (271/max)

28

5

5.04**

(1.60,15.84)

 Missing

6

1

5.40

(0.59,49.26)

Permanent/informal dwelling

 Permanent

79

40

1

1

 Informal

47

36

0.66

(0.37,1.18)

  1. a1 USD = 1105 Kyat on 15 June 2015 (Source: Central Bank of Myanmar [30])
  2. *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01