Table 8 Annual costs in Norwegian krone (Norway)
From: Real-world costs of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in the Nordics
Costs in NOK, mean (95% CI) | CKD 1–3 (n = 64) | CKD 4–5 (n = 55) | Dialysis (n = 61) | Transplant (n = 63) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Direct costs | 38,676 (18,712–69,343) | 80,145 (51,159–118,538) | 851,277 (765,334–959,286) | 185,108 (131,915–251,557) | <0.0001 |
Hospitalisations | 12,898 (4387–28,610) | 33,291 (13,098–66,704) | 138,766 (93,249–195,108) | 65,036 (32,637–109,347) | <0.0001 |
Outpatient care visits | 4425 (3355–5859) | 8085 (6588–10,612) | 12,050 (8956–15,673) | 12,840 (10,094–16,706) | <0.0001 |
Primary care visits | 691 (345–1224) | 1205 (246–3192) | 507 (145–1594) | 351 (140–772) | .5094 |
Surgical procedures | 4209 (89–15,018) | 23,660 (10,359–40,439) | 106,888 (67,415–153,360) | 6798 (1790–14,265) | <0.0001 |
Diagnostic tests | 1652 (1100–2273) | 1959 (1417–2622) | 6423 (5132–8002) | 3359 (2450–4587) | <0.0001 |
Home care/medical assistance | 12,317 (48–36,245) | 885 (66–2396) | 14,151 (5074–27,170) | 3090 (359–9872) | .0002 |
Routine dialysis care | – | – | 495,052 (468,607–518,867) | 16,131 (4245–32,431) | <0.0001 |
Haemodialysis transportation | – | – | 32,460 (25,631–39,573) | 128 (0–256) | <0.0001 |
Drug use | 2483 (1472–3707) | 11,060 (8445–14,068) | 44,980 (39,925–51,304) | 77,375 (64,093–95,936) | <0.0001 |
Antihypertensives | 530 (435–640) | 715 (621–808) | 522 (433–617) | 567 (461–687) | .02459 |
Phosphate binders | – | 1158 (565–1850) | 8072 (6345–9932) | 418 (102–944) | <0.0001 |
ESAs | 36 (0–148) | 2036 (778–3600) | 14,079 (11,772–16,055) | 2086 (827–3610) | <0.0001 |
Analgesics for kidney pain | 16 (6–31) | 103 (33–251) | 104 (29–256) | 33 (3–98) | .1053 |
Vitamin D analogues | 1833 (857–3090) | 6360 (4761–8104) | 12,170 (11,121–12,991) | 4200 (2861–5722) | <0.0001 |
Immunosupressants | – | – | 2741 (290–6569) | 69,324 (56,582–87,711) | <0.0001 |
Other drugs | 68 (19–164) | 688 (181–1422) | 7292 (5804–8788) | 746 (353–1326) | <0.0001 |
Indirect costs | 111,441 (70,268–157,539) | 204,324 (143,043–268,451) | 215,588 (144,283–280,047) | 182,164 (125,099–242,812) | .0604 |
Productivity loss | 110,892 (70,085–157,480) | 199,644 (139,793–263,028) | 197,961 (129,783–259,106) | 180,251 (123,425–241,038) | .2452 |
Informal care | 548 (0–1645) | 4680 (1603–9442) | 17,627 (7001–35,752) | 1913 (761–3473) | <0.0001 |
Total costs | 150,117 (104,759–202,958) | 284,469 (206,680–373,107) | 1,066,865 (950,458–1,204,094) | 367,272 (278,949–466,269) | <0.0001 |