Economic burden of comorbidities in psoriasis patients in the United States: results from a retrospective U.S. database

Table 3 Adjusted annual direct costs ($) by type of comorbidity

Comorbidity	No. of patients with comorbidity	Adjusted costs for patients with comorbidity	No. of patients without comorbidity	Adjusted costs for patients without comorbidity	Incremental adjusted costs	Lower 95% CL	Upper 95% CL
Psoriatic Arthritis	5557	25,035.9	50,849	13,376.2	9914.3	9215.8	10,612.7
Cardiovascular disease	9992	22,287.1	46,414	12,853.8	8275.1	5900.6	7630.0
Depression	4388	20,270.7	52,018	14,040.2	6765.3	1188.2	2081.8
Anxiety	3148	17,569.3	53,258	14,344.9	4181.2	6682.3	10,090.7
Diabetes	8031	22,052.1	48,375	13,275.2	6911.4	6271.3	7551.5
Hyperlipidemia	18,911	16,502.7	37,495	13,527.3	1635.0	6254.9	7024.3
Hypertension	19,365	18,465.9	37,041	12,464.5	4522.3	5754.1	8255.9
Obesity	2755	20,827.1	53,651	14,201.2	6564.5	5419	7710.1
Cerebrovascular disease	2122	23,410.0	54,284	14,177.5	7005.0	2950.6	5411.9
Peripheral vascular disease	2032	24,871.7	54,374	14,138.2	8386.5	7461.2	9089
Any of the comorbidities^a	35,644	17,425.8	20,762	9544.5	6639.6	4033.5	5011.2

Note: The adjusted costs were predicted based on the model results using the recycled prediction method [38] for patients with and without comorbidities using the study sample. The incremental adjusted costs are differences in the adjusted costs between patients with and without comorbidities. The 95% CLs were calculated using bootstrapping method for both direct and indirect costs
^aAny of the above comorbidities means if patients have any of the either comorbidities mentioned above

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