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Table 5 Significant factors associated with frequency ratings of nine case management activities

From: How do case managers spend time on their functions and activities?

 

OR

P

95 % CI

F1-identify potential clients requiring case management services

   

Job titles

 

0.042

 

 Lead case managers

2.66

0.042

1.04–6.82

 Case managers (reference group)

1.00

  

Gender

 

0.027

 

 Male

0.36

0.027

0.14–0.90

 Female (reference group)

1.00

  

F2-organise secondary specialist assessment for clients if necessary

   

Percentage of clients with high care needs

1.01

0.049

1.00–1.03

Involvement in organisational decision-making

 

0.016

 

 Strong

2.94

0.016

1.22–7.03

 None to medium (reference group)

1.00

  

F11-conduct research on the availability of resources (particularly financial and care resources) and then develop care plans based on the research findings

   

Percentage of clients with carers

1.02

0.010

1.00–1.03

Age

 

0.069

 

 Over 60

4.35

0.036

1.11–16.95

 41–60

0.70

0.350

0.34–1.48

 18–40 (reference group)

1.00

  

F22-provide or facilitate to provide health prevention/education services to improve clients and carers’ wellness

   

Years working as a case manager

1.09

0.009

1.02–1.16

Birthplaces

 

0.004

 

 Overseas

3.25

0.004

1.46–7.24

 Australia (reference group)

1.00

  

Practice locations

 

0.102

 

 Multiple locations

0.24

0.014

0.08–0.75

 Suburb

0.58

0.216

0.24–1.38

 City

0.70

0.534

0.22–2.18

 Rural area (reference group)

1.00

  

F33-develop implementation plans for evaluating the effects of case management plans systematically and periodically

   

Number of case management goals

1.28

0.022

1.04–1.58

F34-evaluate multicultural issues and other factors that influence achieving identified goals and expected outcomes

   

Number of case management goals

1.28

0.033

1.02–1.60

Years working as a case manager

1.07

0.027

1.01–1.14

F35-evaluate the effects related to identified goals and expected outcomes (e.g. client outcomes, carer outcomes, cost-effectiveness, cost-benefits, etc.) at specified timeframes as defined by care plans

   

Number of case management goals

1.27

0.033

1.02–1.57

Educational level

 

0.087

 

 Master

0.29

0.026

0.10–0.86

 Bachelor

0.51

0.069

0.24–1.05

 Diploma/certificates (reference group)

1.00

  

Authority over budget management

 

0.016

 

 Complete

2.48

0.016

1.19–5.21

 None or partial (reference group)

1.00

  

F36-evaluate the feasibility, timeliness, availability, quality and appropriateness of services identified in care plans

   

Employment status

 

0.017

 

 Full-time

2.16

0.017

1.15–4.10

 Casual or part-time (reference group)

1.00

  

F37-generate client summary reports and present them to key stakeholders (e.g. care professionals, care providers, payers, etc.)

   

Age

 

0.002

 

 Over 60

0.15

0.001

0.05–0.45

 41-60

0.56

0.092

0.28–0.91

 18-40 (reference group)

1.00

  
  1. Note: 1. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, to ensure more than 10 in the contingency table of outcome by covariate [39], some data were merged for some outcome measures. For example, “never”, “seldom”, and “occasionally” were merged for frequency ratings of F1, F22, F34, F35 and F36. “Never” and “seldom” were merged for frequency ratings of F2. 2. OR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval. 3. Significance level was set at 0.05