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Table 3 Health care costs of patients on ART by CD4 cell count at the start of ART, per specified period (US$a)

From: Costs of HIV/AIDS treatment in Indonesia by time of treatment and stage of disease

CD4 cell count

Item

Period

Average 1–24 months per patient

Before ART

1–6 months

7–12 months

13–18 months

19–24 months

0–50

Number of patients

96

96

95

84

61

 
 

Hospitalization

1483 (10 %)

6161 (9 %)

-

-

-

64

 

Outpatient visits

1110 (8 %)

6707 (10 %)

6462 (12 %)

5247 (11 %)

3517 (11 %)

258

 

OI treatment

86 (1 %)

10867 (16 %)

2163 (4 %)

564 (1 %)

1538 (5 %)

168

 

ARV drugs

-

40012 (60 %)

41281 (78 %)

37724 (81 %)

26915 (81 %)

1742

 

CD4 test

1254 (9 %)

620 (1 %)

990 (2 %)

832 (2 %)

541 (2 %)

36

 

Viral load test

-

396 (1 %)

1056 (2 %)

594 (1 %)

264 (1 %)

27

 

Routine lab test

10452 (73 %)

1488 (2 %)

1289 (2 %)

1548 (3 %)

363 (1 %)

53

 

Total costs

14377 (100 %)

66205 (100 %)

53196 (100 %)c

46472 (100 %c

33115 (100 %)c

2346

 

Average costs per patientb

150 (139 – 160)

690 (593–787)

560 (521–599)

553 (515–592)

543 (480–606)

 

50–100

Number of patients

33

33

33

32

25

 
 

Hospitalization

57 (1 %)

418 (2 %)

-

-

-

13

 

Outpatient visits

421 (9 %)

2337 (12 %)

2232 (11 %)

1951 (11 %)

1110 (11 %)

244

 

OI treatment

12 (0.3 %)

725 (4 %)

2099 (10 %)

13 (0.1 %)

9 (0.1 %)

86

 

ARV drugs

-

14694 (77 %)

15360 (73 %)

14763 (83 %)

9058 (87 %)

1734

 

CD4 test

475 (10 %)

172 (1 %)

383 (2 %)

264 (1 %)

132 (1 %)

30

 

Viral load test

-

330 (2 %)

396 (2 %)

264 (1 %)

-

30

 

Routine lab test

3608 (79 %)

478 (2 %)

494 (2 %)

508 (3 %)

104 (1 %)

49

 

Total costs

4570 (100 %)

19138 (100 %)

20947 (100 %)

17749 (100 %)

10405 (100 %)c

2186

 

Average costs per patientb

138 (126–151)

580 (567–593)

635 (622–648)

555 (542–568)

473 (460–486)

 

100–150

Number of patients

22

22

22

18

13

 
 

Hospitalization

-

418 (4 %)

-

-

-

19

 

Outpatient visits

339 (10 %)

1566 (14 %)

1391 (13 %)

1157 (13 %)

771 (14 %)

258

 

OI treatment

-

815 (7 %)

77 (0.7 %)

29 (0.3 %)

2 (0.04 %)

42

 

ARV drugs

-

8147 (72 %)

8587 (79 %)

6858 (79 %)

4661 (83 %)

1500

 

CD4 test

383 (11 %)

106 (1 %)

238 (2 %)

172 (2 %)

92 (2 %)

32

 

Viral load test

66 (2 %)

66 (1 %)

264 (2 %)

198 (2 %)

-

26

 

Routine lab test

2547 (76 %)

222 (2 %)

293 (3 %)

317 (4 %)

63 (1 %)

46

 

Total costs

3333 (100 %)

11329 (100 %)

10839 (100 %)

8722 (100 %)

5585 (100 %)

1922

 

Average costs per patientb

159 (144–173)

515 (500–529)

493 (478–507)

485 (470–499)

430 (415–444)

 

150–200

Number of patients

17

17

14

14

11

 
 

Hospitalization

190 (7 %)

57 (1 %)

-

-

-

3

 

Outpatient visits

304 (11 %)

1133 (14 %)

982 (15 %)

935 (14 %)

654 (14 %)

263

 

OI treatment

-

66 (1 %)

3 (0.05 %)

5 (0.1 %)

-

4

 

ARV drugs

-

6188 (77 %)

4865 (76 %)

5162 (77 %)

3717 (82 %)

1418

 

CD4 test

343 (12 %)

119 (1 %)

119 (2 %)

145 (2 %)

92 (2 %)

34

 

Viral load test

66 (2 %)

264 (3 %)

264 (4 %)

66 (1 %)

-

39

 

Routine lab test

1969 (69 %)

200 (2 %)

195 (3 %)

362 (5 %)

63 (1 %)

57

 

Total costs

2870 (100 %)

8020 (100 %)

6421 (100 %)

6670 (100 %)

4522 (100 %)

1818

 

Average costs per patientb

169 (136–201)

472 (445–499)

459 (432–485)

476 (450–503)

411 (384–438)

 

>200

Number of patients

10

10

10

7

4

 
 

Hospitalization

-

-

-

-

-

 
 

Outpatient visits

199 (13 %)

701 (15 %)

608 (13 %)

363 (12 %)

257 (20 %)

247

 

OI treatment

-

1 (0.02 %)

-

-

-

0.1

 

ARV drugs

-

3637 (79 %)

3797 (83 %)

2715 (84 %)

938 (73 %)

1366

 

CD4 test

224 (15 %)

66 (1 %)

79 (2 %)

53 (2 %)

53 (4 %)

35

 

Viral load test

-

-

-

-

-

 
 

Routine lab test

1119 (73 %)

223 (5 %)

92 (2 %)

68 (2 %)

35 (3 %)

50

 

Total costs

1541 (100 %)

4623 (100 %)

4572 (100 %)

3218 (100 %)

1281 (100 %)c

1699

 

Average costs per patientb

154 (114–195)

462 (437–487)

457 (432–482)

460 (435–485)

320 (295–345)

 
  1. aexcept for number of patients, b95 % CI, cdifference is significant between first 6 months and the period measured, 95 % CI