| Immigrants by regionc | Matched comparators | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Central and Eastern Europe | Caribbean | East Asia and Pacific | Eastern and Southern Africa | Latin America | Industrialized countries | Middle East and North Africa | South Asia | West and Central Africa | All immigrants | P-value* | Long term residentsd | |
Population size | N (%) | 47,967 (9.8) | 32,726 (6.7) | 122,711 (25.1) | 15,529 (3.2) | 23,673 (4.8) | 69,137 (14.1) | 35,445 (7.2) | 134,029 (27.4) | 8,524 (1.7) | 489,741 (100.0) | Â | 487,751 (99.6Â %) |
Age at immigration (years)a | Mean ± SD | 36.86 ± 12.84 | 36.36 ± 13.50 | 36.58 ± 12.60 | 34.04 ± 13.66 | 35.22 ± 11.92 | 36.59 ± 12.92 | 35.62 ± 12.99 | 35.04 ± 13.30 | 32.83 ± 10.32 | 35.89 ± 12.95 | <.001 |  |
Admission classa | Economic | 26,908 (56.1) | 11,610 (35.5) | 67,760 (55.2) | 2,993 (19.3) | 7,209 (30.5) | 32,742 (47.4) | 14,743 (41.6) | 45,913 (34.3) | 2,858 (33.5) | 212,736 (43.4) | <.001 | Â |
Family | 13,101 (27.3) | 20,397 (62.3) | 50,059 (40.8) | 4,271 (27.5) | 10,799 (45.6) | 34,341 (49.7) | 13,109 (37.0) | 71,894 (53.6) | 3,439 (40.3) | 221,410 (45.2) | Â | Â | |
Refugees | 7958 (16.6) | 716 (2.2) | 4892 (4) | 8265 (53.3) | 5665 (23.9) | 2054 (3) | 7593 (21.5) | 16222 (12.1) | 2227 (26.1) | 64,029 (15.2) | Â | Â | |
Marital Statusa | Married | 35,685 (74.4) | 17,777 (54.3) | 83,536 (68.1) | 8,272 (53.3) | 15,987 (67.5) | 49,420 (71.5) | 25,392 (71.6) | 105,184 (78.5) | 5,036 (59.1) | 346,289 (70.7) | <.001 | Â |
Separated | 5,493 (11.5) | 3,389 (10.4) | 7,950 (6.5) | 2,096 (13.5) | 2,141 (9.0) | 5,321 (7.7) | 2,919 (8.2) | 8,588 (6.4) | 803 (9.4) | 38,700 (7.9) | Â | Â | |
Single | 6,777 (14.1) | 11,528 (35.2) | 31,210 (25.4) | 5,158 (33.2) | 5,537 (23.4) | 14,388 (20.8) | 7,127 (20.1) | 20,243 (15.1) | 2,681 (31.5) | 104,649 (21.4) | Â | Â | |
Education levela | None | 450 (0.9) | 493 (1.5) | 2,040 (1.7) | 1,411 (9.1) | 556 (2.3) | 1,044 (1.5) | 1,260 (3.6) | 9,616 (7.2) | 277 (3.2) | 17,147 (3.5) | <.001 | Â |
More than high school | 34,852 (72.7) | 8,308 (25.4) | 78,399 (63.9) | 4,675 (30.1) | 13,877 (58.6) | 38,716 (56.0) | 18,452 (52.1) | 64,605 (48.2) | 4,136 (48.5) | 266,020 (54.3) | Â | Â | |
Secondary | 12,665 (26.4) | 23,925 (73.1) | 42,272 (34.4) | 9,443 (60.8) | 9,240 (39.0) | 29,377 (42.5) | 15,733 (44.4) | 59,808 (44.6) | 4,111 (48.2) | 206,574 (42.2) | Â | Â | |
Languagea | English/French | 28,504 (59.4) | 32,497 (99.3) | 60,169 (49.0) | 12,362 (79.6) | 15,117 (63.9) | 49,589 (71.7) | 22,000 (62.1) | 71,509 (53.4) | 7,421 (87.1) | 299,168 (61.1) | <.001 | Â |
Neither | 19,463 (40.6) | 229 (0.7) | 62,542 (51.0) | 3,167 (20.4) | 8,555 (36.1) | 19,547 (28.3) | 13,445 (37.9) | 62,520 (46.6) | 1,103 (12.9) | 190,571 (38.9) | Â | Â | |
Period of arrivala | 1993–1997 | 15,078 (31.4) | 17,199 (52.6) | 37,141 (30.3) | 5,659 (36.4) | 6,548 (27.7) | 34,400 (49.8) | 10,601 (29.9) | 35,498 (26.5) | 2,101 (24.6) | 164,225 (33.5) | <.001 |  |
1998–2002 | 19,679 (41.0) | 9,396 (28.7) | 42,307 (34.5) | 4,848 (31.2) | 7,364 (31.1) | 19,400 (28.1) | 12,544 (35.4) | 49,073 (36.6) | 2,952 (34.6) | 167,563 (34.2) |  |  | |
2003–2007 | 13,210 (27.5) | 6,131 (18.7) | 43,263 (35.3) | 5,022 (32.3) | 9,761 (41.2) | 15,337 (22.2) | 12,300 (34.7) | 49,458 (36.9) | 3,471 (40.7) | 157,953 (32.3) |  |  | |
Income quintileb | 1 (low) | 20,878 (43.5) | 14,251 (43.5) | 43,097 (35.1) | 7,935 (51.1) | 8,688 (36.7) | 14,901 (21.6) | 13,601 (38.4) | 58,547 (43.7) | 4,619 (54.2) | 186,517 (38.1) | <.001 | 89,042 (18.3) |
2 | 10,280 (21.4) | 7,941 (24.3) | 32,283 (26.3) | 2,870 (18.5) | 5,620 (23.7) | 14,420 (20.9) | 7,036 (19.9) | 32,662 (24.4) | 1,816 (21.3) | 114,928 (23.5) | Â | 97,505 (20.0) | |
3 | 6,579 (13.7) | 5,324 (16.3) | 20,668 (16.8) | 1,759 (11.3) | 3,699 (15.6) | 13,236 (19.1) | 5,902 (16.7) | 22,277 (16.6) | 1,020 (12.0) | 80,464 (16.4) | Â | 99,135 (20.3) | |
4 | 5,338 (11.1) | 3,349 (10.2) | 14,259 (11.6) | 1,400 (9.0) | 2,975 (12.6) | 12,407 (17.9) | 4,976 (14.0) | 13,251 (9.9) | 649 (7.6) | 58,604 (12.0) | Â | 100,623 (20.6) | |
5 (high) | 4,468 (9.3) | 1,562 (4.8) | 11,156 (9.1) | 1,326 (8.5) | 2,421 (10.2) | 13,357 (19.3) | 3,498 (9.9) | 6,160 (4.6) | 314 (3.7) | 44,262 (9.0) | Â | 97,952 (20.1) | |
Missing | 424 (0.9) | 299 (0.9) | 1,248 (1.0) | 239 (1.5) | 270 (1.1) | 816 (1.2) | 432 (1.2) | 1,132 (0.8) | 106 (1.2) | 4,966 (1.0) | Â | 3,494 (0.7) |