Economic burden of illness of acute coronary syndromes: medical and productivity costs

Table 3 Results from multivariate regression for mean total 1-year medical costs

Variables	Cost Ratio	95% CI	p-value
Age Groups
Age 45-54 (vs. ≤44 years)	1.109	1.029 - 1.195	0.006
Age 55+ (vs. ≤44 years)	1.187	1.109 - 1.269	< 0.0001
Gender
Female	0.906	0.869 - 0.945	< 0.0001
Plan Type
Comprehensive (vs. HMO)	1.084	1.018 - 1.155	0.01
PPO (vs. HMO)	1.246	1.179 - 1.318	< 0.0001
POS (vs. HMO)	1.116	1.040 - 1.198	0.002
Charlson score = 1 (vs. Charlson score = 0)	1.133	1.092 - 1.176	< 0.0001
Charlson score > 1 (vs. Charlson score = 0)	1.311	1.237 - 1.389	< 0.0001
MI listed as the primary diagnosis	1.351	1.302 - 1.402	< 0.0001
CABG (vs. MM)	2.693	2.519 - 2.879	< 0.0001
PCI (vs. MM)	1.595	1.521 - 1.674	< 0.0001
Prior 1-year health care costs	1.000	1.000 - 1.000	< 0.0001

CABG = coronary artery bypass graft; CI = confidence interval; HMO = health maintenance organization; MI = myocardial infarction; MM = medical management; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; POS = point of service; PPO = preferred provider organization.

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