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Table 3 Means (SD) of work-life balance in female and male physicians.

From: The impact of gender and parenthood on physicians' careers - professional and personal situation seven years after graduation

 

Female physicians

Male physicians

   

WORK-LIFE BALANCE

Without children

(n = 191)

Mean (SD)

With children

(n = 101)

Mean (SD)

Total

(n = 292)

Mean (SD)

Without children

(n = 177)

Mean (SD)

With children

(n = 110)

Mean (SD)

Total

(n = 287)

Mean (SD)

   

Career orientation

2.47 (1.19)

1.65 (0.94)

2.18 (1.17)

3.19 (1.26)

3.06 (1.37)

3.14 (1.30)

   

Balance of work and personal life

4.68 (0.55)

4.70 (0.67)

4.69 (0.60)

4.51 (0.79)

4.62 (0.62)

4.55 (0.73)

   

Part-time orientation

4.35 (1.01)

4.83 (0.51)

4.52 (0.90)

3.46 (1.39)

3.73 (1.34)

3.56 (1.38)

   

Three-phase orientation

3.16 (1.31)

3.97 (1.19)

3.44 (1.33)

2.36 (1.08)

2.56 (1.14)

2.44 (1.10)

   

Analyses of variance

Gender

Children

Gender × Children

multivariate

F(4,568)

p

partial eta2

F(4,568)

p

partial eta2

F(4,568)

p

partial eta2

 

43.06

<0.001

0.23

8.12

<0.001

0.05

4.41

0.002

0.03

univariate

F(1,570)

p

partial eta2

F(1,570)

p

partial eta2

F(1,570)

p

partial eta2

Career orientation

103.32

<0.001

0.15

19.00

<0.001

0.03

10.91

0.001

0.02

Balance of work and personal life

4.79

0.029

<0.01

1.25

0.265

<0.01

0.66

0.416

<0.01

Part-time orientation

100.13

<0.001

0.15

14.12

<0.001

0.02

1.02

0.312

<0.01

Three-phase orientation

114.30

<0.001

0.17

23.61

<0.001

0.04

8.91

0.003

0.02

  1. Results of multivariate and univariate analyses (N = 579)