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Table 4 Factors associated with total inpatient costs (EEE model)

From: Costs of hospitalization for stroke from two urban health insurance claims data in Guangzhou City, southern China

 

All cases

(n = 114,872)

P-value

Coef.

Adjusted Std. Err.

Marginal Effect

Male (Reference: Female)

0.007

[0.004]

131.6

0.050

Age (Reference: 17≤Age < 45)

 45 ≤ Age < 65

−0.012

[0.019]

− 222.3

0.515

 65 ≤ Age < 75

−0.019

[0.019]

− 336.8

0.321

 75 ≤ Age < 80

−0.028

[0.019]

− 500.7

0.140

 ≥ 80

−0.046**

[0.019]

−817.4

0.015

Insurance Type (Reference: URBMI)

 UEBMI

0.052***

[0.008]

910.4

0.000

Comorbidities (Reference: None)

 Coronary heart disease

−0.011

[0.005]

−190.4

0.052

 Hypertension

−0.049***

[0.004]

− 875.8

0.000

 Diabetes

0.035***

[0.005]

638.6

0.000

 Alzheimer’s disease

−0.057***

[0.017]

−991.1

0.001

 Parkinson’s disease

−0.033***

[0.012]

−588.6

0.005

 Mental disorder

−0.039

[0.028]

−687.3

0.166

 Chronic kidney disease

−0.005

[0.026]

−93.6

0.843

Stroke Types (Reference: TIA)

 IS

0.111***

[0.007]

1959.1

0.000

 SAH

1.024***

[0.037]

27,497.1

0.000

 ICH

0.468***

[0.013]

9655.8

0.000

 Other strokes

0.047***

[0.010]

848.3

0.000

ICU admission (Reference: None)

1.726***

[0.059]

62,499.3

0.000

Referral from other hospitals (Reference: None)

0.207***

[0.022]

4017.2

0.000

Readmission in 15 days (Reference: None)

0.157***

[0.033]

2989.6

0.000

Length of stay (Reference: < 10)

 10 ≤ Days< 20

0.379***

[0.006]

7244.3

0.000

 ≥ 20

1.610***

[0.010]

35,417.4

0.000

Hospital level: Primary (Reference)

 Secondary

0.213***

[0.007]

4005.0

0.000

 Tertiary

0.700***

[0.010]

11,787.4

0.000

Year: (Reference: Year 2006)

 Year 2007

0.048***

[0.010]

871.6

0.000

 Year 2008

0.114***

[0.009]

2110.6

0.000

 Year 2009

0.201***

[0.009]

3832.0

0.000

 Year 2010

0.265***

[0.009]

5161.1

0.000

 Year 2011

0.293***

[0.009]

5681.2

0.000

 Year 2012

0.354***

[0.009]

6901.8

0.000

 Year 2013

0.369***

[0.011]

7565.7

0.000

λ

0.173***

[0.013]

  

θ1

0.752***

[0.013]

  

θ2

2.720***

[0.022]

  
  1. Standard errors in brackets are adjusted for clustering at the patient level
  2. IS Ischaemic stroke, SAH Subarachnoid haemorrhage, ICH Intracerebral haemorrhage, TIA Transient ischaemic attack, UEBMI Urban Employee-based Basic Medical Insurance scheme, URBMI Urban Resident-based Basic Medical Insurance scheme
  3. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05. EEE - extended estimating equations model