Skip to main content

Table 3 Costs-of-illness of type 2 diabetes per person per year (in US$) by components of direct and indirect costs

From: Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh: a prevalence based cost-of-illness study

Cost components

Mean

Median

25thp, 75th p

90th p

%

of total

Total

COI

% of total COI

Overall COI (n = 1263)

 a. Direct cost

  i. Direct medical cost

    

96.9

  

   Outpatient visit

11.8

6.3

2.2, 12.5

31.2

1.5

14,807.1

1.4

   Hospitalisationa

216.7

496.6

0, 276.7

673.1

27.7

271,490.4

12.7

   Medicine

474.5

331.0

205.3, 474.5

798.4

60.7

594,543.8

54.9

   Laboratory tests

37.7

34.0

23.3, 47.2

62.1

4.8

47,311.9

16.8

   Other service utilisation#

16.5

9.0

0, 18

54.0

2.1

20,718

1.8

  ii. Direct non-medical cost

    

3.1

  

   Transportation

23.7

7.5

2.5, 27.5

62.5

3.0

29,748.7

2.8

   Meal

0.7

0.0

0, 0

2.5

0.1

931.4

0.1

Total direct cost

781.7

453.6

276.6, 893.4

1705.0

100

979,551.3

90.5

 b. Indirect cost

  Productivity loss of patient

67.8

26.0

0, 62.5

145.8

81.8

85,062.5

7.9

  Productivity loss of accompanied person

15.1

0.0

0, 0

39.1

18.2

18,872.2

1.7

Total indirect cost

82.9

36.5

0, 82.8

187.5

100

103,934.8

9.5

Total cost

864.7

504.2

308.8, 982.7

1874.3

 

1,083,486.0

 

Without hospital admission (n = 813)

 Direct cost

  i. Direct medical cost

    

93.9

  

   Outpatient visit

5.9

5.0

1.25, 8.75

12.5

1.6

4801.6

 

   Hospitalisationa

–

–

–

–

–

–

 

   Medicine

307.2

255.5

173.4, 387.8

520.1

83.5

249,827.3

 

   Laboratory tests

34.2

31.2

21.5, 41.8

53.9

9.3

27,828.6

 

   Other service utilisationb

10.5

9.0

0, 9

18.0

2.8

8523.0

 

  ii. Direct non-medical cost

    

2.8

  

   Transportation

9.4

3.7

2, 8.75

21.0

2.6

7662.6

 

   Meal

0.7

0.0

0, 0.6

2.3

0.2

524.5

 

Total direct cost

367.9

320.1

227.9, 452.8

608.9

100

299,167.5

 

Indirect cost

   Productivity loss of patient

34.7

24.7

0, 52.1

71.9

83.0

28,244.5

 

   Productivity loss of accompanied person

7.1

0.0

0, 0

20.8

17.0

5790.9

 

Total indirect cost

41.8

31.3

3.9, 62.5

93.7

100

34,035.4

 

Total cost

409.8

366.6

261.9, 505.7

662.7

 

333,202.9

 

With hospital admission (n = 440)

 Direct cost

  i. Direct medical cost

    

96.7

  

   Outpatient visit

22.7

12.5

5, 37.5

51.3

1.5

10,005.5

 

   Hospitalisationa

617.0

419.4

247.3, 753.2

1303.9

39.9

271,490.4

 

   Medicine

783.4

469.9

346.7, 764.0

1455.4

50.7

344,716.5

 

   Laboratory tests

44.3

41.8

29.7, 56.9

71.6

2.9

19,483.4

 

   Other service utilisationb

10.0

9.0

9, 36

54.0

1.8

12,195.0

 

  ii. Direct non-medical cost

    

3.3

  

   Transportation

50.2

31.2

15, 62.5

112.5

3.2

22,086.1

 

   Meal

0.9

0.0

0, 0

2.5

0.1

406.9

 

Total direct cost

1546.3

1121.1

806.3, 1845.9

2927.7

100.0

680,383.8

 

 Indirect cost

   Productivity loss of patient

129.1

35.1

0, 145.8

281.2

81.3

56,818.1

 

  Productivity loss of accompanied person

29.7

0.0

0, 0

104.1

18.7

13,081.2

 

Total indirect cost

158.9

67.7

0, 182.9

345.1

100.0

69,899.4

 

Total cost

1705.2

1247.4

876.9, 1996.6

3353.8

 

750,283.2

 
  1. aHospitalisation includes hospital stay, medicine and laboratory tests during stay. bOther service utilisation includes use of self-monitoring blood glucose and consumables