Skip to main content

Table 3 PRIMEtime CE risk factors operating through intermediate variables, exposure parameters, outcomes, and modelled uncertainty distributions. Adapted and updated from Cobiac et al.[32] Dietary relative risks adjusted for energy intake where possible

From: PRIMEtime CE: a multistate life table model for estimating the cost-effectiveness of interventions affecting diet and physical activity

Risk factors operating through intermediate variables

Parameter

Exposure parameters

Outcomes

Unit of change

Distribution of uncertainty range

Change in value of outcome (SE)

Notes

 Total fat

% of total energy [49]

Total serum cholesterol (mmol/l) [71]

Per 1% energy total fat

Normal

0.020 (0.005)

 

 Saturated fat

% of total energy [49]

Total serum cholesterol (mmol/l) [71]

Per 1% energy saturated fat

Normal

0.052 (0.003)

 

 Monounsaturated fatty acids

% of total energy [49]

Total serum cholesterol (mmol/l) [71]

Per 1% energy MUFA

Normal

0.005 (0.003)

 

 Polyunsaturated fatty acids

% of total energy [49]

Total serum cholesterol (mmol/l) [71]

Per 1% energy PUFA

Normal

−0.026 (0.004)

 

 Dietary cholesterol

mg/day [49]

Total serum cholesterol (mmol/l) [71]

Per 1 g/day dietary cholesterol

Normal

0.0007 (0.0001)

 

 Salt consumption

g/day [49]

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) [72]

Per 100 mmol/24 h urinary sodium

Normal

5.80 (1.71)

Grams of salt consumed per day converted into urinary sodium excretion.

 Total energy

kJ/day [49]

BMI (kg/m2) [73]

   

Details of equations describing the relationship between energy intake and body weight for men and women can be found in Christiansen and Garby [74].

  1. SD standard deviation, NDNS National Diet and Nutrition Survey, CHD coronary heart disease, BMI body mass index, MET Metabolic Equivalent of Task