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Table 1 Background characteristics of each county, average of 2008–2012

From: Geographical variations in patient-reported outcomes after total hip arthroplasty between 2008 - 2012

County

Blekinge

Dalarna

Gotland

Gävleborg

Halland

Jämtland

Jönköping

 Total n

665

1452

249

1614

2072

636

1404

 Sex, n female (%)

353 (53.1)

785 (54.1)

130 (52.2)

854 (52.9)

1150 (55.5)

372 (58.5)

788 (56.1)

 mean Age (sd)

68.6 (9.7)

68.6 (9.5)

67.8 (9.2)

67.5 (9.8)

68.0 (9.6)

69.0 (9.4)

68.7 (10.0)

 mean BMI (sd)

27.3 (4.6)

27.8 (4.8)

28.5 (12.7)

27.7 (4.7)

27.1 (6.0)

27.3 (4.3)

27.7 (8.1)

 mean Elixhauser (sd)

1.06 (1.03)

0.92 (1.02)

0.38 (0.70)

0.65 (0.97)

0.66 (0.97)

0.52 (0.93)

0.99 (1.06)

 Marital status (%)

  married

383 (57.6)

798 (55.0)

140 (56.2)

894 (55.4)

1293 (62.4)

339 (53.3)

904 (64.4)

  unmarried

77 (11.6)

180 (12.4)

30 (12.0)

210 (13.0)

167 (8.1)

90 (14.2)

125 (8.9)

  divorced

99 (14.9)

262 (18.0)

39 (15.7)

288 (17.8)

324 (15.6)

102 (16.0)

170 (12.1)

  widow/widower

106 (15.9)

212 (14.6)

40 (16.1)

222 (13.8)

288 (13.9)

105 (16.5)

205 (14.6)

 Education attainment (%)

  primary

231 (34.7)

539 (37.1)

94 (37.8)

609 (37.7)

734 (35.4)

212 (33.3)

632 (45.0)

  upper secondary

281 (42.3)

660 (45.5)

100 (40.2)

671 (41.6)

834 (40.3)

285 (44.8)

528 (37.6)

  higher

153 (23.0)

253 (17.4)

55 (22.1)

334 (20.7)

504 (24.3)

139 (21.9)

244 (17.4)

 median disposable income/year SEK (mean)

153,200 (178178)

148,600 (176903)

146,300 (174769)

156,800 (188098)

166,450 (213306)

147,150 (181821)

152,950 (193048)

 Preoperative PROs

  mean EQ-5D (sd)

0.44 (0.32)

0.40 (0.31)

0.45 (0.30)

0.41 (0.32)

0.45 (0.31)

0.43 (0.30)

0.44 (0.30)

  mean EQ VAS (sd)

55.8 (21.5)

53.1 (22.3)

56.3 (21.6)

49.6 (21.9)

56.5 (22.7)

57.1 (21.8)

58.6 (20.4)

  mean pain VAS (sd)

59.1 (15.8)

62.2 (16.1)

60.6 (16.5)

63.0 (14.5)

61.9 (16.5)

61.0 (16.0)

61.8 (15.3)

 Postoperative PROs

  mean EQ-5D (sd)

0.81 (0.23)

0.78 (0.23)

0.77 (0.24)

0.78 (0.25)

0.81 (0.23)

0.82 (0.21)

0.80 (0.22)

  mean EQ VAS (sd)

77.0 (20.1)

75.7 (20.2)

74.9 (20.1)

76.3 (21.3)

78.0 (19.5)

78.6 (18.7)

77.2 (18.7)

  mean pain VAS (sd)

13.1 (16.7)

13.7 (17.7)

15.7 (18.3)

13.7 (18.6)

12.7 (17.8)

11.9 (15.1)

13.6 (17.9)

 mean satisfaction VAS (sd)

14.6 (19.1)

15.9 (20.3)

19.1 (22.3)

15.4 (20.8)

14.7 (20.9)

13.1 (17.2)

15.3 (18.9)

County

Kalmar

Kronoberg

Norrbotten

Skåne

Stockholm

Södermanland

Uppsala

 Total n

1356

741

1102

4180

7075

1183

1398

 Sex, n female (%)

745 (54.9)

379 (51.1)

624 (56.6)

2382 (57.0)

4235 (59.9)

678 (57.3)

764 (54.6)

 mean Age (sd)

68.0 (9.7)

68.4 (10.3)

68.1 (9.6)

68.5 (10.3)

67.4 (10.2)

68.2 (9.8)

67.5 (9.9)

 mean BMI (sd)

27.7 (4.6)

27.3 (4.1)

27.4 (4.3)

27.4 (5.7)

26.8 (5.0)

27.4 (4.2)

27.0 (4.3)

 mean Elixhauser (sd)

0.60 (0.95)

0.74 (0.99)

0.93 (1.07)

1.11 (1.17)

0.54 (0.93)

0.81 (0.99)

0.87 (1.09)

 Marital status (%)

  married

825 (60.8)

466 (62.9)

668 (60.6)

2462 (58.9)

3793 (53.6)

688 (58.2)

829 (59.3)

  unmarried

139 (10.3)

75 (10.1)

111 (10.1)

365 (8.7)

882 (12.5)

91 (7.7)

147 (10.5)

  divorced

176 (13.0)

85 (11.5)

160 (14.5)

709 (17.0)

1443 (20.4)

205 (17.3)

236 (16.9)

  widow/widower

216 (15.9)

115 (15.5)

163 (14.8)

644 (15.4)

957 (13.5)

199 (16.8)

186 (13.3)

 Education attainment (%)

  primary

563 (41.5)

272 (36.7)

359 (32.6)

1445 (34.6)

1610 (22.8)

437 (36.9)

434 (31.0)

  upper secondary

512 (37.8)

317 (42.8)

502 (45.6)

1647 (39.4)

2933 (41.5)

488 (41.3)

520 (37.2)

  higher

281 (20.7)

152 (20.5)

241 (21.9)

1088 (26.0)

2532 (35.8)

258 (21.8)

444 (31.8)

 median disposable income/year SEK (mean)

154,150 (199187)

154,000 (206228)

153,500 (183822)

162,200 (213102)

194,400 (268747)

156,700 (187498)

176,800 (257385)

 Preoperative PROs

  mean EQ-5D (sd)

0.44 (0.31)

0.49 (0.30)

0.40 (0.31)

0.41 (0.31)

0.42 (0.32)

0.40 (0.32)

0.44 (0.31)

  mean EQ VAS (sd)

55.9 (21.8)

59.5 (20.3)

50.8 (22.7)

56.1 (22.7)

55.3 (22.1)

53.5 (21.5)

54.5 (21.6)

  mean pain VAS (sd)

60.6 (15.7)

58.6 (15.7)

64.9 (14.6)

62.3 (15.7)

63.7 (16.3)

61.7 (15.5)

59.4 (15.5)

 Postoperative PROs

  mean EQ-5D (sd)

0.80 (0.22)

0.82 (0.19)

0.81 (0.22)

0.81 (0.22)

0.78 (0.24)

0.78 (0.23)

0.78 (0.24)

  mean EQ VAS (sd)

77.7 (19.4)

77.5 (18.5)

78.5 (18.9)

78.7 (18.9)

76.4 (20.0)

75.3 (20.5)

75.6 (20.1)

  mean pain VAS (sd)

12.5 (16.1)

12.6 (16.9)

12.4 (16.5)

13.1 (17.4)

13.8 (18.2)

14.8 (18.7)

14.4 (18.4)

  mean satisfaction VAS (sd)

13.8 (18.2)

14.0 (19.3)

13.3 (17.1)

13.3 (18.9)

16.4 (21.9)

18.3 (22.3)

17.4 (22.3)

County

Värmland

Västerbotten

Västernorrland

Västmanland

Västra Götaland

Örebro

Östergötland

 Total n

1109

979

900

653

4742

1327

1398

 Sex, n female (%)

624 (56.3)

552 (56.4)

531 (59.0)

358 (54.8)

2623 (55.3)

726 (54.7)

751 (53.7)

 mean Age (sd)

69.2 (9.7)

67.4 (9.9)

68.4 (8.8)

68.2 (9.5)

68.1 (10.3)

67.6 (9.6)

68.3 (10.2)

 mean BMI (sd)

27.7 (4.5)

27.4 (7.3)

27.9 (7.4)

28.2 (4.6)

27.3 (4.4)

27.6 (4.6)

27.4 (4.4)

 mean Elixhauser (sd)

0.88 (1.05)

1.05 (1.10)

0.60 (0.93)

0.81 (1.03)

0.66 (0.97)

0.76 (0.97)

0.83 (0.99)

 Marital status (%)

  married

608 (54.8)

579 (59.1)

506 (56.2)

384 (58.8)

2802 (59.1)

792 (59.7)

830 (59.4)

  unmarried

141 (12.7)

121 (12.4)

104 (11.6)

71 (10.9)

470 (9.9)

131 (9.9)

155 (11.1)

  divorced

165 (14.9)

136 (13.9)

153 (17.0)

97 (14.9)

757 (16.0)

207 (15.6)

190 (13.6)

  widow/widower

195 (17.6)

143 (14.6)

137 (15.2)

101 (15.5)

713 (15.0)

197 (14.8)

223 (16.0)

 Education attainment (%)

  primary

459 (41.4)

326 (33.3)

321 (35.7)

237 (36.3)

1820 (38.4)

473 (35.6)

528 (37.8)

  upper secondary

448 (40.4)

414 (42.3)

400 (44.4)

296 (45.3)

1847 (38.9)

572 (43.1)

578 (41.3)

  higher

202 (18.2)

239 (24.4)

179 (19.9)

120 (18.4)

1075 (22.7)

282 (21.3)

292 (20.9)

 median disposable income/year SEK (mean)

146,000 (172373)

157,900 (189558)

148,850 (181142)

156,000 (187402)

157,200 (213276)

158,900 (192642)

159,250 (200990)

 Preoperative PROs

  mean EQ-5D (sd)

0.39 (0.31)

0.40 (0.31)

0.41 (0.31)

0.38 (0.33)

0.42 (0.31)

0.40 (0.32)

0.46 (0.30)

  mean EQ VAS (sd)

53.9 (21.6)

52.0 (23.1)

51.6 (22.0)

50.8 (23.4)

55.9 (21.3)

52.2 (22.5)

56.2 (22.3)

  mean pain VAS (sd)

63.0 (15.2)

63.4 (15.7)

64.5 (14.8)

66.0 (14.8)

61.3 (16.0)

62.5 (15.9)

60.8 (15.8)

 Postoperative PROs

  mean EQ-5D (sd)

0.76 (0.24)

0.79 (0.23)

0.76 (0.26)

0.79 (0.23)

0.77 (0.24)

0.79 (0.24)

0.80 (0.22)

  mean EQ VAS (sd)

74.1 (20.5)

75.9 (20.2)

73.7 (21.5)

75.1 (21.1)

75.5 (20.1)

77.3 (19.6)

76.8 (19.4)

  mean pain VAS (sd)

15.5 (18.6)

14.3 (17.7)

14.4 (18.4)

13.8 (19.1)

14.8 (18.2)

11.7 (15.6)

14.3 (17.9)

  mean satisfaction VAS (sd)

17.8 (21.7)

15.0 (18.5)

16.8 (21.5)

15.6 (20.7)

17.6 (21.6)

13.2 (18.3)

16.1 (20.1)

  1. Legend: Higher values of EQ-5D and EQ VAS indicate better results. In contrary, higher values of pain and satisfaction VAS indicate worse results