Evaluation of a Tennessee statewide initiative to reduce early elective deliveries using quasi-experimental methods

Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted changes in maternal and infant outcomes pre- and post-intervention

Outcomes	Unadjusted Outcomes per 1000 Births			Adjusted Odds Ratio ^b (95% CI)	P-value
Outcomes	Pre-Intervention (n = 149,333)	Post-Intervention (n = 133,840)	Crude Change	Adjusted Odds Ratio ^b (95% CI)	P-value
Maternal
Operative Vaginal Delivery^a	69.1	60.8	− 8.3	0.86 (0.83–0.89)	< 0.0001
Perineal Laceration^a	13.7	12.6	− 0.9	0.91 (0.84–0.99)	0.0216
Prolonged Labor	6.3	5.8	−0.5	0.92 (0.84–1.02)	0.1080
Blood Transfusion	1.9	1.8	−0.1	0.99 (0.83–1.17)	0.8816
Unplanned Operation or Hysterectomy	1.4	1.3	−0.1	0.90 (0.74–1.11)	0.3242
Infant
Apgar < 7 at 5 min	20.5	20.5	0.0	1.01 (0.96–1.07)	0.5827
Ventilation	49.6	37.9	−11.7	0.74 (0.71–0.77)	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	17.9	17.2	−0.7	0.95 (0.90–1.01)	0.1011
NICU Admission	54.1	59.2	+ 5.1	1.10 (1.07–1.14)	< 0.0001
Neonatal Mortality	4.9	4.8	−0.1	1.03 (0.92–1.14)	0.6189
Infant Mortality	6.7	6.7	0.0	1.04 (0.95–1.14)	0.4406

^aExcludes cesarean births
^bModels are adjusted for maternal age (in years), race (white vs. black or other), Hispanic ethnicity (yes vs. no), less than high school education (yes vs. no), insurance type (private vs. Medicaid or other), annual income <$25,000 vs $25,000+, less than five vs. five or more prenatal visits, and nulliparous vs. multiparous

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