Operationalization of bi-directional screening for tuberculosis and diabetes in private sector healthcare clinics in Karachi, Pakistan

Table 2 Baseline characteristics and results of glucometer testing conducted on TB patients through community-based TB-DM screening

	Persons with TB Tested for DM*		Pre-Diabetes*		Newly Diagnosed DM cases		p-value†
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Total	266	100	25	100	8	100
Sex
Male	108	40.6	13	48.0	4	50.0	0.99
Female	158	59.4	12	48.0	4	50.0
Age (years)
< 20	60	22.6	4	16.0	0	0.0	< 0.01
20–29	93	35.0	5	20.0	0	0.0
30–39	43	16.2	2	8.0	1	12.5
40 and above	67	25.2	14	56.0	7	87.5
Family History of DM*
Yes	32	12.0	1	4.0	3	37.5	0.97
No	234	88.0	24	96.0	5	62.5
Current or Previous Smoking History
Yes	21	7.9	7	28.0	2	25.0	< 0.01
No	245	92.1	18	72.0	6	75.0
Ethnicity
Sindhi	14	5.3	2	8.0	2	25.0	0.11
Balochi	2	0.8	0	0.0	0	0.0
Punjabi	8	3.0	1	4.0	0	0.0
Pathan	118	44.4	5	20.0	3	37.5
Muhajir	91	34.2	12	48.0	1	12.5
Other	33	12.4	3	12.0	1	12.5
MTB Burden
Negative (clinically diagnosed)	28	10.5	3	12.0	2	25.0	0.85
Very low-low	90	33.8	9	34.0	2	25.0
Medium	90	33.8	9	36.0	3	37.5
High	58	21.8	4	16.0	1	12.5
Type of TB
New	229	86.1	22	88.0	7	87.5	0.75
Retreatment	37	13.9	3	12.0	1	12.5

^*The cut-offs for RBS testing were taken from the International Diabetes federation
† The p-value denotes the level of significance found when testing differences in sociodemographic characteristics between individuals identified as new DM cases and those identified as pre-DM, among all TB patients who had a glucometer blood sugar test

ISSN: 1472-6963