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Table 3 Results of conditional FE logistic regression (with hospitalization as outcome measure; waves 2–4)

From: The association between voluntary work and health care use among older adults in Germany

 

Independent variables

Hospitalization (Ref.: No)

Predisposing factors

Other marital statuses (ref.: Married, living together with spouse)

0.679 (0.374–1.232)

Retired (ref.: Working)

1.075 (0.687–1.683)

Other: not employed

1.788* (1.132–2.826)

Age (in years)

1.038** (1.009–1.067)

Enabling resources

(Log) monthly equivalent net income

0.796 (0.552–1.149)

Self-rated accessibility of doctors and pharmacies (ref.: No accessibility)

1.188 (0.888–1.590)

Need factors

Underweight (ref.: Normal weight)

1.466 (0.377–5.695)

Overweight

0.936 (0.646–1.356)

Obesity

0.930 (0.539–1.605)

Self-rated health (from “very good” to “very bad”)

1.741*** (1.493–2.031)

Number of chronic diseases

1.047 (0.968–1.133)

Currently smoking (ref.: Currently not smoking)

0.445** (0.262–0.757)

Volunteering

Volunteer involvement (ref.: No volunteer involvement)

1.181 (0.841–1.657)

Observations

2186

Number of individuals

964

Pseudo R2

0.07

  1. Notes: Odds ratios were reported; 95% CI in parentheses
  2. Ref. = Reference
  3. *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, + p < 0.10