Table 1 Costs included in cost-of-illness studies by perspective
Perspective | Medical cost | Morbidity cost | Mortality cost | Transportation/Nonmedical cost | Transfer payment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Societal | All costs | All costs | All costs | All costs | – |
Health care system | All costs | – | – | – | – |
Third-party payer | Covered costs | – | Covered costs | – | – |
Business | Covered costs (self-insured) | Productivity loses (absenteeism) | Productivity loses | – | – |
Government | Covered (medical aid) | – | – | Criminal justice costs | Attributable to illness |
Participants and families | Out-of-pocket costs | Wage losses/ Household production | Wage losses/ Household production | Out-of-pocket costs | Amount received |