Variables | Avoidable Hospitalization | LOS | Total Charges | SNF placement | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
Post | 0.0144*** (0.00282) | 0.0145*** (0.00282) | − 0.229*** (0.0799) | −0.228*** (0.0799) | 3839*** (429.2) | 3947*** (425.4) | 0.0242*** (0.00242) | 0.0238*** (0.00242) |
Treatment | −0.0202** (0.00864) | −0.0141 (0.00865) | − 0.862*** (0.242) | − 0.955*** (0.244) | − 2651** (1142) | − 3090*** (1144) | −0.148*** (0.00686) | − 0.151*** (0.00686) |
Post X treatment | 0.0410** (0.0169) | 0.0429** (0.0169) | 1.111** (0.464) | 1.183** (0.464) | 555.1 (2251) | 1232 (2233) | 0.00161 (0.0132) | −0.00180 (0.0131) |
Age | 0.00189*** (9.25e-05) | 0.00188*** (9.23e-05) | −0.00395 (0.00262) | − 0.00427 (0.00262) | − 288.1*** (13.83) | − 280.9*** (13.77) | 0.00999*** (7.39e-05) | 0.00996*** (7.39e-05) |
Female | −0.000219 (0.00280) | − 0.000956 (0.00280) | − 0.494*** (0.0828) | − 0.511*** (0.0828) | − 5962*** (444.9) | − 6007*** (442.0) | −0.0100*** (0.00239) | − 0.00991*** (0.00238) |
Urban | −0.0205*** (0.00285) | −0.00817 (0.00587) | 0.321*** (0.0787) | 0.166 (0.177) | 4842*** (405.4) | 1476* (894.4) | 0.0170*** (0.00241) | 0.00633 (0.00570) |
Black | 0.0160*** (0.00284) | 0.0204*** (0.00296) | 0.743*** (0.0841) | 0.360*** (0.0875) | −543.1 (436.2) | − 1075** (457.6) | −0.0448*** (0.00251) | − 0.0403*** (0.00263) |
Other race | 0.0153*** (0.00432) | 0.0200*** (0.00433) | 0.360*** (0.125) | 0.105 (0.126) | − 2025*** (639.8) | − 2436*** (644.3) | − 0.0654*** (0.00324) | − 0.0620*** (0.00328) |
CHARLSON INDEX | −0.0186*** (0.00179) | − 0.0186*** (0.00179) | 0.142*** (0.0516) | 0.131** (0.0517) | 492.7* (265.6) | 514.4* (263.9) | 0.0217*** (0.00159) | 0.0220*** (0.00159) |
Congestive Heart Failure | 0.167*** (0.00403) | 0.165*** (0.00404) | 0.426*** (0.111) | 0.468*** (0.111) | 2853*** (568.9) | 3003*** (565.1) | − 0.00589* (0.00343) | − 0.00788** (0.00343) |
Cardiac Arrhythmias | 0.00692** (0.00316) | 0.00775** (0.00316) | 0.683*** (0.0910) | 0.649*** (0.0911) | 4010*** (479.1) | 4246*** (476.3) | − 0.00259 (0.00264) | − 0.00140 (0.00264) |
Valvular Disease | 0.00399 (0.00423) | 0.00646 (0.00427) | 0.246** (0.112) | 0.158 (0.113) | 7466*** (657.9) | 5418*** (658.6) | −0.0273*** (0.00342) | − 0.0210*** (0.00346) |
Pulmonary Circulation Disorders | 0.00458 (0.00528) | 0.00909* (0.00528) | 1.088*** (0.136) | 1.004*** (0.136) | 4817*** (754.0) | 5205*** (746.7) | 0.0211*** (0.00408) | 0.0187*** (0.00408) |
Peripheral Vascular Disorders | −0.00981** (0.00459) | − 0.00918** (0.00458) | 0.289** (0.127) | 0.302** (0.128) | 8542*** (716.2) | 8862*** (711.6) | −0.0220*** (0.00394) | − 0.0230*** (0.00394) |
Hypertension, Uncomplicated | −0.00244 (0.00291) | − 0.00434 (0.00291) | −1.182*** (0.0902) | −1.141*** (0.0903) | − 4543*** (474.4) | − 4725*** (471.5) | −0.0648*** (0.00265) | − 0.0643*** (0.00266) |
Paralysis | −0.0115* (0.00693) | − 0.0124* (0.00690) | 1.758*** (0.246) | 1.785*** (0.246) | 6502*** (1242) | 6439*** (1235) | 0.0551*** (0.00690) | 0.0553*** (0.00689) |
Other Neurological Disorders | −0.0377*** (0.00330) | −0.0340*** (0.00329) | 1.101*** (0.103) | 1.084*** (0.104) | 4892*** (529.1) | 4664*** (527.5) | 0.112*** (0.00313) | 0.109*** (0.00313) |
Chronic Pulmonary Disease | 0.138*** (0.00340) | 0.136*** (0.00340) | −0.698*** (0.0948) | −0.606*** (0.0949) | − 852.2* (497.6) | − 677.7 (494.4) | − 0.0827*** (0.00286) | − 0.0834*** (0.00286) |
Diabetes, Uncomplicated | 0.0653*** (0.00347) | 0.0656*** (0.00347) | −0.252** (0.101) | −0.249** (0.101) | 1735*** (521.1) | 1165** (517.7) | − 0.0182*** (0.00309) | − 0.0183*** (0.00309) |
Diabetes, Complicated | 0.162*** (0.00514) | 0.161*** (0.00513) | 0.520*** (0.138) | 0.495*** (0.138) | − 1026 (722.3) | −550.3 (717.1) | − 0.0155*** (0.00430) | − 0.0155*** (0.00429) |
Hypothyroidism | −0.0167*** (0.00386) | − 0.0167*** (0.00385) | − 0.188* (0.106) | − 0.142 (0.106) | − 1470*** (536.4) | − 1625*** (531.5) | 0.000919 (0.00335) | 0.000201 (0.00334) |
Renal Failure | 0.0993*** (0.00628) | 0.0979*** (0.00627) | 0.744*** (0.173) | 0.828*** (0.173) | 5868*** (954.6) | 5843*** (949.4) | −0.0295*** (0.00537) | − 0.0297*** (0.00537) |
Liver Disease | −0.00479 (0.00582) | −0.00413 (0.00581) | 0.0679 (0.176) | 0.171 (0.177) | 1089 (946.3) | 2005** (943.8) | − 0.0634*** (0.00441) | −0.0653*** (0.00442) |
Peptic Ulcer Disease Excluding Bleeding | −0.0223*** (0.00845) | − 0.0197** (0.00844) | 0.350 (0.259) | 0.361 (0.259) | 2312 (1616) | 2188 (1611) | −0.0489*** (0.00700) | − 0.0511*** (0.00698) |
AIDS/HIV | 0.0467*** (0.0150) | 0.0495*** (0.0150) | −0.344 (0.485) | − 0.421 (0.485) | 1731 (2776) | 1425 (2761) | − 0.132*** (0.0122) | − 0.132*** (0.0122) |
Lymphoma | 0.0191 (0.0126) | 0.0225* (0.0126) | 1.472*** (0.373) | 1.512*** (0.372) | 9788*** (2084) | 10,119*** (2074) | −0.0813*** (0.0101) | −0.0810*** (0.0100) |
Metastatic Cancer | 0.0446*** (0.0131) | 0.0457*** (0.0131) | −0.519 (0.398) | −0.492 (0.399) | − 3457* (2065) | − 3342 (2049) | −0.177*** (0.0116) | − 0.178*** (0.0116) |
Solid Tumor Without Metastasis | 0.00197 (0.00618) | 0.00247 (0.00618) | 0.101 (0.178) | 0.104 (0.178) | 4479*** (961.6) | 4363*** (952.8) | −0.103*** (0.00516) | −0.104*** (0.00516) |
Rheumatoid Arthritis/Collagen Vascular | −0.0297*** (0.00545) | −0.0287*** (0.00545) | − 0.397*** (0.151) | −0.374** (0.151) | 673.3 (829.7) | 806.4 (824.9) | −0.0225*** (0.00441) | −0.0204*** (0.00441) |
Coagulopathy | −0.0331*** (0.00515) | − 0.0349*** (0.00514) | 0.782*** (0.156) | 0.730*** (0.156) | 6034*** (830.9) | 6450*** (826.5) | −0.00367 (0.00438) | − 0.00422 (0.00438) |
Obesity | −0.0112*** (0.00390) | −0.0112*** (0.00390) | − 0.445*** (0.100) | −0.455*** (0.100) | − 869.6 (553.6) | 90.22 (550.6) | − 0.00462 (0.00285) | − 0.00625** (0.00285) |
Weight Loss | 0.00249 (0.00425) | 0.00491 (0.00425) | 2.612*** (0.136) | 2.569*** (0.136) | 13,957*** (733.5) | 14,321*** (728.8) | 0.0763*** (0.00392) | 0.0773*** (0.00392) |
Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders | 0.0684*** (0.00285) | 0.0649*** (0.00286) | 0.309*** (0.0809) | 0.357*** (0.0810) | −491.2 (425.9) | −690.2 (423.4) | 0.0142*** (0.00241) | 0.0149*** (0.00241) |
Blood Loss Anemia | −0.0704*** (0.00933) | −0.0741*** (0.00932) | 0.448* (0.263) | 0.545** (0.262) | 4827*** (1443) | 4920*** (1425) | 0.00792 (0.00828) | 0.00764 (0.00826) |
Deficiency Anemia | 0.00181 (0.00465) | 0.00234 (0.00463) | 0.263** (0.129) | 0.237* (0.129) | − 737.3 (659.8) | −22.50 (655.8) | 0.0101*** (0.00373) | 0.00913** (0.00373) |
Alcohol Abuse | −0.0465*** (0.00541) | −0.0457*** (0.00540) | −0.533*** (0.170) | −0.576*** (0.170) | − 5492*** (852.2) | − 5410*** (848.0) | −0.0446*** (0.00403) | − 0.0440*** (0.00403) |
Drug Abuse | 0.0249*** (0.00560) | 0.0258*** (0.00559) | 0.101 (0.156) | 0.126 (0.156) | − 4140*** (771.4) | − 3867*** (765.0) | −0.0451*** (0.00318) | −0.0440*** (0.00318) |
Psychoses | −0.0310*** (0.00455) | − 0.0299*** (0.00455) | 2.708*** (0.167) | 2.616*** (0.167) | − 4081*** (674.3) | − 3745*** (672.4) | 0.0630*** (0.00418) | 0.0619*** (0.00418) |
Depression | −0.00661** (0.00328) | −0.00401 (0.00328) | − 0.307*** (0.0923) | −0.274*** (0.0928) | − 3703*** (479.4) | − 3587*** (478.0) | 0.0330*** (0.00270) | 0.0304*** (0.00271) |
Hypertension, Complicated | 0.00145 (0.00536) | 0.00527 (0.00536) | −0.348** (0.141) | −0.414*** (0.142) | − 3307*** (793.5) | − 3350*** (789.7) | −0.0227*** (0.00447) | − 0.0230*** (0.00447) |
Constant | 0.0885*** (0.00658) | 0.0355** (0.0163) | 8.463*** (0.194) | 8.215*** (0.574) | 76,682*** (1067) | 66,435*** (2507) | −0.323*** (0.00504) | −0.364*** (0.0141) |
Observations | 199,649 | 199,643 | 199,649 | 199,643 | 199,649 | 199,643 | 199,649 | 199,643 |
R-squared | 0.073 | 0.078 | 0.015 | 0.018 | 0.019 | 0.036 | 0.123 | 0.127 |