Table 2 Comparison of nutrition practices by sector and dietitian accessibility across hemodialysis centers
From: The state of nutrition care in outpatient hemodialysis settings in Malaysia: a nationwide survey
Nutrition Practices | All (n = 150) | Sector | Dietitian Accessibility | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Government (n = 34) | Private (n = 86) | NGO (n = 30) | Not available (n = 101) | Dedicated dietitian (n = 27) | Shared/ visiting dietitian (n = 22) | ||
Nutrition Monitoring | |||||||
 BMI | 46 (30.7%) | 15 (44.1%) | 22 (25.6%) | 9 (30.0%) | 26 (25.7%) | 12 (44.4%) | 8 (36.4%) |
 Albumin | 150 (100%) | 34 (100%) | 86 (100%) | 30 (100%) | 101 (100%) | 27 (100%) | 22 (100%) |
 nPCR | 49 (32.7%) | 11 (32.4%) | 28 (32.6%) | 10 (33.3%) | 34 (33.7%) | 9 (33.3%) | 6 (27.3%) |
 Dietary | 9 (6.0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 5 (5.8%) | 3 (10.0%) | 5 (5.0%) | 2 (7.4%) | 2 (9.1%) |
 Nutrition Screening Tool | nil | nil | nil | nil | nil | nil | nil |
Who delivers Nutrition Education? | |||||||
 Dietitian | 48 (32.0%) | 27 (79.4%) | 13 (15.1%) | 8 (26.7%) | nil | 27 (100%) | 22 (100%) |
 Medical doctor | 149 (99.3%) | 34 (100%) | 86 (100%) | 29 (96.7%) | 100 (99.0%) | 27 (100%) | 22 (100%) |
 Nurse | 150 (100%) | 34 (100%) | 86 (100%) | 30 (100%) | 101 (100%) | 27 (100%) | 22 (100%) |
How is Nutrition Education delivered? | |||||||
 Individual | 103 (68.7%) | 22 (64.7%) | 62 (72.1%) | 19 (63.3%) | 75 (74.3%) | 17 (63.0%) | 11 (50.0%) |
 Group sessions | 13 (8.7%) | 2 (5.9%) | 10 (11.6%) | 1 (3.3%) | 9 (8.9%) | 1 (3.7%) | 3 (13.6%) |
 Both | 34 (22.7%) | 10 (29.4%) | 14 (16.3%) | 10 (33.3%) | 17 (16.8%) | 9 (33.3%) | 8 (36.4%) |
Recommendation for Renal Specific ONS | |||||||
 Yes | 103 (68.7%) | 15 (44.1%) | 67 (77.9%) | 21 (70.0%) | 71 (70.3%) | 19 (70.4%) | 13 (59.1%) |
 Free of charge | 10 (9.7%) | 7 (46.7%) | nil | 3 (14.3%) | 1 (1.4%) | 6 (31.6%) | 3 (23.1%) |
 Buy from dialysis center | 31 (30.1%) | 1 (6.7%) | 21 (31.3%) | 9 (42.9%) | 19 (26.8%) | 6 (31.6%) | 6 (46.2%) |
 Buy from outside | 62 (60.2%) | 7 (46.7%) | 46 (68.7%) | 9 (42.9%) | 51 (71.8%) | 7 (36.8%) | 4 (30.8%) |
Provision of In-center Meals | |||||||
 Yes | 92 (61.3%) | 23 (67.6%) | 63 (73.3%) | 7 (23.3%) | 61 (60.4%) | 22 (81.5%) | 10 (45.5%) |
 Full meal | 21 (22.8%) | 15 (65.2%) | 6 (9.5%) | nil | 6 (9.8%) | 11 (50.0%) | 4 (40.0%) |
 Light meal | 71 (77.2%) | 8 (34.8%) | 57 (90.5%) | 7 (100%) | 55 (90.2%) | 11 (50.0%) | 6 (60.0%) |