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Table 1 Collected quantitative and qualitative outcomes

From: Implementation study of an interprofessional medication adherence program for HIV patients in Switzerland: quantitative and qualitative implementation results

Dimension and definition [18]

Quantitative outcomes

Qualitative outcomes

Level of analysis

Reach = The absolute number, proportion, and representativeness of individuals who are willing to participate in a given initiative

• Reach rate: percentage of eligible patients who agree to participate (Inclusion/number of proposals*100)a

 

Hospital

 • Reasons for proposal

 

Hospital

 • Reasons for refusal

 

Hospital

 • Number of drop-outs

 

Pharmacies

 • Characteristics of the HIV populationb

 

Hospital

 

• Barriers and facilitators to including patients

HCPs and patients

 

• Patients’ selection criteria

HCPs

Adoption = The absolute number, proportion, and representativeness of settings and intervention agents who are willing to initiate a program

• Adoption rate: pharmacists involved in the program among pharmacies of the Neuchâtel area (as a %age)

 

Pharmacies

 • Number of involved physicians/nurses in the hospital

 

Hospital

 

• Perceived motivation for and utility of the program

HCPs

Implementation = implementation refers to the intervention agents’ fidelity to the various elements of an intervention’s protocolc

• Fidelity: number of delivered interviews, interval (in days) in between interviews

 

Pharmacies

 • Length of time for patient follow-up (in months)

 

Pharmacies

 • Time and cost needed to deliver the intervention

 

Pharmacies

 

• Fidelity and adaptationsd (use of electronic monitors, motivational interviewing, and reporting)

HCPs and patients

 

• Implementation barriers and facilitators

HCPs and patients

 

• Interprofessional collaboration development

HCPs

Maintenance = The extent to which a program or policy becomes institutionalized or part of the routine organizational practices and policies

• Monitoring of patient inclusion

 

Hospital and pharmacies

 

• Inclusion of the IMAP into the routine activity over time

HCPs

 

• Satisfaction (professionals and patients)

HCPs and patients

Maintenance at the individual level = the long-term effects of a program on outcomes 6 months or more after the most recent intervention contact

• Adherence data

 

Pharmacies

 • VL and CD4 counts

 

Hospital

  1. Notes: HCPs = Healthcare professionals = the physician, the nurse, and the five pharmacists included in the project
  2. aEligible patients were determined by the physician and the nurse and therefore considered as the number of proposals in this project
  3. bGender, age, ethnicity, education degree, source of HIV infection, antiretrovirals (ART) description at inclusion, ART line, VL, and CD4 count at inclusion
  4. cIn addition, implementation research has been expanded to include factors influencing the implementation process
  5. dInformation about fidelity and adaptations was collected by the research team through focus groups with HCPs and individual interviews with patients