From: Understanding reasons for unmet health care needs in Korea: what are health policy implications?
Variables | Overall unmet need (weighted n = 18,735,934) | Availability unmet need (weighted n = 16,013,627) | Acceptability unmet need (weighted n = 16,145,912) | Accessibility unmet need (weighted n = 15,639,020) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95%CI | p-value | OR | 95%CI | p-value | OR | 95%CI | p-value | OR | 95%CI | p-value | |
Age (Ref: 65+) | ||||||||||||
 19–34 | 1.55 | 1.19–2.01 | < 0.01* | 4.73 | 3.00 - 7.46 | < 0.01* | 1.19 | 0.81 - 1.75 | 0.38 | 1.19 | 0.73–1.93 | 0.49 |
 35–49 | 0.99 | 0.76–1.29 | 0.93 | 2.35 | 1.55–3.56 | < 0.01* | 0.91 | 0.63 - 1.31 | 0.62 | 0.89 | 0.54–1.45 | 0.64 |
 50–64 | 1.00 | 0.82–1.22 | 0.99 | 2.43 | 1.65–3.59 | < 0.01* | 0.82 | 0.63 - 1.08 | 0.38 | 1.01 | 0.74–1.40 | 0.94 |
Marital status (Ref: Married or living with partner) | ||||||||||||
 Single or living alone | 1.12 | 0.97–1.29 | 0.12 | 1.25 | 1.02–1.54 | 0.03* | 0.86 | 0.68 - 1.07 | 0.18 | 1.34 | 1.03–1.74 | 0.03* |
Education (Ref: Post-secondary) | ||||||||||||
 Completion of elementary school | 1.19 | 0.91–1.55 | 0.20 | 1.09 | 0.71–1.67 | 0.70 | 0.83 | 0.57–1.22 | 0.35 | 2.61 | 1.54–4.43 | < 0.01* |
 Completion of middle school | 0.98 | 0.72–1.32 | 0.88 | 0.82 | 0.49–1.39 | 0.46 | 0.81 | 0.55–1.18 | 0.27 | 1.95 | 1.06–3.58 | 0.03* |
 Completion of high school | 0.89 | 0.74–1.07 | 0.21 | 0.91 | 0.69–1.20 | 0.50 | 0.74 | 0.57–0.96 | 0.02* | 1.58 | 1.01-2.46 | 0.04* |
Annual household income (Ref: Q4; Highest) | ||||||||||||
 Q1 | 1.78 | 1.42–2.24 | < 0.01* | 1.12 | 0.76 - 1.64 | 0.58 | 1.36 | 1.01–1.85 | 0.04* | 4.80 | 2.95-7.80 | < 0.01* |
 Q2 | 1.39 | 1.16 - 1.67 | < 0.01* | 1.02 | 0.76 - 1.35 | 0.91 | 1.44 | 1.14–1.81 | < 0.01* | 2.66 | 1.71-4.14 | < 0.01* |
 Q3 | 1.27 | 1.07 - 1.51 | < 0.01* | 1.18 | 0.92 - 1.50 | 0.18 | 1.27 | 0.99–1.63 | 0.06 | 1.63 | 1.02–2.61 | 0.04* |
Occupation (Ref: White collar/Office) | ||||||||||||
 Services & Sales | 0.85 | 0.67–1.06 | 0.15 | 0.76 | 0.57–1.02 | 0.07 | 1.00 | 0.57–1.02 | 0.07 | 1.17 | 0.70–1.94 | 0.55 |
 Farming & Fishing | 0.87 | 0.64–1.19 | 0.38 | 0.92 | 0.59–1.42 | 0.71 | 1.52 | 0.59–1.42 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.36–1.38 | 0.31 |
 Blue collar | 0.85 | 0.67–1.08 | 0.18 | 0.88 | 0.63–1.24 | 0.47 | 1.18 | 0.63–1.24 | 0.47 | 0.87 | 0.50–1.49 | 0.60 |
 Out of labour market (Homemakers/students, etc.) | 0.59 | 0.49–0.71 | < 0.01* | 0.24 | 0.18 - 0.32 | < 0.01* | 1.20 | 0.18 - 0.32 | < 0.01* | 0.84 | 0.54-1.32 | 0.46 |
Region (Ref: Seoul) | ||||||||||||
 Incheon & Gyeonggi | 1.09 | 0.91–1.30 | 0.35 | 0.87 | 0.66–1.15 | 0.34 | 1.33 | 1.03–1.70 | 0.03* | 1.09 | 0.78-1.52 | 0.63 |
 Daejeon & Chungcheong/ Gangwon | 1.14 | 0.92–1.41 | 0.24 | 1.17 | 0.81–1.70 | 0.39 | 1.20 | 0.87–1.65 | 0.27 | 1.06 | 0.74–1.51 | 0.75 |
 Gwangjoo & Jeolla/ Jeju | 1.11 | 0.87–1.43 | 0.39 | 1.21 | 0.89–1.65 | 0.22 | 0.91 | 0.61–1.38 | 0.66 | 1.11 | 0.72–1.71 | 0.62 |
 Busan, Daegu, Ulsan & Gyeongsang | 1.66 | 1.39–1.99 | < 0.01* | 1.30 | 0.97 - 1.74 | 0.08 | 2.38 | 1.85–3.07 | < 0.01* | 1.23 | 0.90-1.68 | 0.19 |
National Health Insurance (Ref: Yes) | ||||||||||||
 Medicaid | 1.30 | 0.94–1.80 | 0.12 | 1.35 | 0.67–2.73 | 0.84 | 1.16 | 0.67–2.01 | 0.60 | 1.30 | 0.87–1.94 | 0.20 |
 No & don’t know | 0.97 | 0.43–2.16 | 0.93 | 0.96 | 0.23–3.97 | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.32–2.88 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.28–3.44 | 0.97 |
Self-rated health (Ref: Good) | ||||||||||||
 Fair | 1.45 | 1.26–1.75 | < 0.01* | 1.42 | 1.10 - 1.85 | < 0.01* | 1.52 | 1.20-1.91 | < 0.01* | 1.50 | 1.06-2.13 | 0.02* |
 Poor | 2.87 | 2.37 - 3.47 | < 0.01* | 2.72 | 1.96 - 3.77 | < 0.01* | 2.11 | 1.63-2.73 | < 0.01* | 4.49 | 3.17-6.36 | < 0.01* |