From: Regional variation in health care utilization in Sweden – the importance of demand-side factors
Mean | Min | Max | St.dev. Overall | St.dev. Between | St.dev. Within | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Health care utilization | ||||||
Visits to primary physician (per capita) | 1.37 | 0.99 | 2.02 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.08 |
Visits to specialist (per capita) | 1.21 | 0.86 | 2.28 | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.09 |
Mortality | ||||||
Mortality rate (per 100,000) | 963.34 | 767.34 | 1155.01 | 77.94 | 48.59 | 61.80 |
Demography | ||||||
Women (%) | 50.12 | 49.02 | 51.03 | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.16 |
65–79 years (%) | 13.74 | 9.58 | 17.93 | 1.73 | 1.31 | 1.16 |
80 years or older (%) | 5.65 | 3.88 | 6.51 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.15 |
Foreign born (%) | 10.86 | 3.88 | 23.43 | 4.12 | 3.89 | 1.59 |
Socio-economic structure | ||||||
Education lower (% with only primary educ.) | 23.76 | 15.33 | 32.40 | 3.54 | 2.37 | 2.68 |
Education intermed. (% with secondary educ. at highest) | 46.96 | 37.71 | 52.66 | 3.04 | 3.06 | 0.55 |
Education higher (% with some type of tertiary educ.) | 27.75 | 19.60 | 43.48 | 4.81 | 4.33 | 2.29 |
GRP/capita (SEK 1000)a | 328.92 | 241.79 | 571.00 | 52.76 | 48.59 | 22.96 |
Financial assistance (SEK 1000)a | 1.02 | 0.45 | 1.82 | 0.27 | 0.24 | 0.13 |
Unemployment (%) | 6.89 | 2.47 | 11.00 | 1.89 | 0.89 | 1.68 |
Supply | ||||||
Primary care centers (per 100,000) | 13.14 | 7.81 | 22.76 | 3.05 | 2.92 | 1.06 |
Non-public primary care (%) | 25.31 | 0.00 | 67.31 | 17.03 | 14.65 | 9.21 |
Density of physicians (per 1000) | 2.95 | 2.21 | 4.27 | 0.41 | 0.33 | 0.24 |
Copayments | ||||||
Copayment primary (SEK)a | 147.01 | 99.77 | 209.69 | 26.03 | 18.90 | 18.33 |
Copayment specialist (SEK)a | 284.15 | 199.64 | 350.00 | 36.41 | 25.62 | 26.42 |