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Table 10 Detailed results of the multilevel models of GP co-location (mono-professional – model 1, multi-professional - model 2, interaction between mono and multi-professional – model 3, details of multi-professional – model 4) and patient experience

From: The benefits of co-location in primary care practices: the perspectives of general practitioners and patients in 34 countries

Multilevel models

(*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001)

Accessibility a, b

Continuity of carea, b

Comprehensiveness of care a, b

 

N. = 60,309

N. = 60,069

N. = 59,851

Empty model

Fixed part

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

 Intercept

85.141***

1.019

90.439***

1.723

68.934***

1.694

Random part

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

 Country level

35.020

8.586

100.427

24.559

96.802

23.721

 GP level

46.587

0.804

72.022

1.438

114.199

1.965

 Patient level

3.376

0.021

103.538

0.635

5.642

0.035

ICC

 Country

41.2%

 

36.4%

 

44.7%

 

 GP

54.8%

 

26.1%

 

52.7%

 
 

N. = 56,217

N. = 56,049

N. = 55,879

Model only covariates

Fixed part

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

 Intercept

82.920***

1.011

77.096***

1.599

65.754***

1.690

Random part

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

 Country level

32.441

7.970

79.997

19.598

91.415

22.433

 GP level

44.812

0.788

62.665

1.295

112.172

1.968

 Patient level

3.286

0.021

95.480

0.607

5.605

0.036

ICC

 Country

40.3%

 

33.6%

 

43.7%

 

 GP

55.6%

 

26.3%

 

53.6%

 
 

N. = 53,951

N. = 53,787

N. = 53,619

MODEL 1 (variable 1)

Fixed part

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

 Intercept

83.261***

1.037

77.016***

1.636

65.399***

1.698

 GP co-located with other GP

−0.251

0.212

−0.385

0.276

−0.070

0.341

Random part

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

 Country level

32.718

8.158

80.441

20.008

87.367

21.790

 GP level

44.408

0.798

64.169

1.353

114.536

2.052

 Patient level

3.232

0.021

97.611

0.634

5.724

0.037

ICC

 Country

40.7%

 

33.2%

 

42.1%

 

 GP

55.3%

 

26.5%

 

55.2%

 
 

N. = 56,165

N. = 55,998

N. = 55,827

MODEL 2 (variable 2)

Fixed part

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

 Intercept

83.379***

1.027

77. 974***

1.620

66.293***

1.746

 GP co-located with other professional

−0.593

0.278

−1.101**

0.357

−0.713

0.440

Random part

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

 Country level

32.004

7.867

79.720

19.531

90.662

22.556

 GP level

44.898

0.787

62.542

1.293

112.126

1.968

 Patient level

3.286

0.021

95.379

0.607

5.607

0.036

ICC

 Country

40.0%

 

33.5%

 

43.5%

 

 GP

55.9%

 

26.3%

 

53.8%

 
 

N. = 53,951

N. = 53,787

N. = 53,619

MODEL 3 (interaction)

Fixed part

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

 Intercept

83.727***

1.057

77.935***

1.663

66.345***

1.724

Single-handed GP practice (ref)

 - More GPs without other professionals

−0.359

0.366

−0.656

0.476

−0.825

0.587

 - One GP with other professionals

− 0.688

0.354

−1.352**

0.460

−1.439*

0.567

 - More GPs with other professionals

−0.804*

0.340

−1.433**

0.443

−1.047

0.545

Random part

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

 Country level

32.312

8.061

80.276

19.940

86.434

21.970

 GP level

44.180

0.797

64.054

1.351

114.423

2.050

 Patient level

3.232

0.021

97.611

0.634

5.724

0.037

ICC

 Country

40.4%

 

33.2%

 

41.8%

 

 GP

55.5%

 

26.5%

 

55.4%

 
 

N. = 55,251

N. = 55,086

N. = 54,916

MODEL 4 (var 2 details)

Fixed part

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

Coeff.

S.E.

 Intercept

83.452***

1.027

78.161***

1.680

66.322***

1.731

 GP with nurse

−0.563

0.289

−1.386***

0.370

−0.860

0.456

 GP with other health professional

−0.025

0.227

0.286

0.290

−0.067

0.358

 GP with social worker

−0.818**

0.304

−0.273

0.388

0.475

0.480

Random part

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

Var.

S.E.

 Country level

31.915

7.825

86.316

21.155

92.273

22.657

 GP level

44.895

0.797

61.916

1.292

112.850

1.980

 Patient level

3.290

0.021

95.114

0.610

5.611

0.036

ICC

 Country

39.8%

 

35.5%

 

44.0%

 

 GP

56.0%

 

25.4%

 

53.3%

 
  1. aCovariates patient level: sex, age, education, household income, ethnicity, self-reported health status, main reason for visit, personal GP, chronic conditions
  2. bCovariates GP level: sex, age, urbanisation, involvement in disease management, evening open time for GP practice, urbanisation