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Table 1 Selected baseline demographic, clinical, and service utilization characteristics at the time of application to the New York City supportive housing program by placement status

From: Impact of a New York City supportive housing program on Medicaid expenditure patterns among people with serious mental illness and chronic homelessness

  

Before propensity score matching

After propensity score matching

Total

Placed

Unplaced

p-values

Placed

Unplaced

p-values

N

2827

737

2090

 

737

2090

 
 

Column %

 

Column %

 

Age at the first eligibility for the program

 18–34 years

16

15

16

0.07

15

15

0.61

 35–44 years

26

27

26

 

27

27

 

 45–54 years

38

41

37

 

40

42

 

  ≥ 55 years

20

17

21

 

18

16

 

Gender

 Female

30

29

30

0.44

29

29

1.00

 Male

70

71

70

 

71

71

 

Race/ethnicity

 Non-Hispanic white

15

14

16

0.09

15

14

0.22

 Non-Hispanic black

54

52

54

 

51

54

 

 Hispanic

28

31

27

 

31

28

 

 Others

3

4

3

 

3

4

 

Education

 Less than a high school diploma

46

44

47

0.14

45

45

0.28

 High school diploma or higher

51

53

51

 

52

53

 

 Other

3

3

2

 

3

2

 

Current substance use pattern

 Never

74

78

73

0.03

79

75

0.28

 Less than weekly or once a week

7

6

8

 

5

6

 

 Several times per week

8

8

8

 

7

8

 

 Daily

6

5

6

 

6

7

 

 Unknown

5

3

5

 

3

4

 

Currently participating in a substance use treatment course

23

25

23

0.27

25

25

1.00

Currently receiving supplemental security income/disability

41

39

41

0.34

41

42

0.64

Past psychiatric hospitalization

31

27

32

0.01

28

29

0.61

Diagnoses with mental illness except for substance use disorders

100

100

100

NEa

99

99

1.00

Diagnosed with substance use disorders

52

54

51

0.16

52

53

0.64

Number activities of daily living for which require assistance

 0

74

79

71

<0.01

77

79

0.36

 1

15

13

16

 

14

12

 

 2+

11

8

13

 

9

9

 
 

Mean (Standard deviation)

 

Mean (Standard deviation)

 

Total Medicaid costs during 2 years prior to baseline

$47,284 (64714)

$41,779 (47718)

$49,226 (69632)

 

$42,225 (59689b)

$42,653 (59689b)

 
  1. Abbreviations: NE Not estimable
  2. aNot estimable because variance could not be estimated
  3. bPooled standard deviation
  4. Data sources: NYC Department of Homeless Services, NYC Department of Correction, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, NYC Human Resources Administration’s Customized Assistance Services and HIV/AIDS Services Administration, and New York State Office of Mental Health