Skip to main content

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of hemodialysis facilities overall and by pay-for-performance payment group

From: Early winners and losers in dialysis center pay-for-performance

Variable

Overall

Group 1 (0% reduction)

Group 2 (0.5% reduction)

Group 3 (1% reduction)

Group 4 (≥1.5% reduction)

N (% of total)

5089

3580 (70.3%)

811 (15.9%)

289 (5.7%)

409 (8.0%)

Facility level characteristics

For-Profit (% For-Profit by Payment Group)a

4205

2991

672

235

307

82.6%

83.6%

82.9%

81.3%

75.1%

Chain (% Chain by Payment Group)a

3676

2611

588

217

260

79.0%

79.9%

79.0%

81.6%

68.8%

 Chain 1

1321

968

220

60

73

26.0%

27.1%

27.1%

20.8%

17.9%

 Chain 2

1291

917

196

80

98

25.4%

25.6%

24.2%

27.7%

24.0%

 Independent

998

19.6%

682

19.1%

168

20.7%

50

17.3%

98

24.0%

 Other Chain (Reference)

1477

29.0%

1011

28.3%

227

15.4%

99

6.7%

140

9.5%

Size (#stations)a

17.63

17.15

19.36

19.74

18.63

[17.4,17.9]

[16.9,17.4]

[18.8,19.9]

[18.8,20.7]

[17.8,19.5]

 Low (0–13)

1667

32.8%

1265

35.3%

203

25.0%

65

22.5%

134

32.8%

 Medium (14–20)

1845

36.25%

1289

36.0%

304

37.5%

117

40.5%

135

33.0%

 High (21–80)

1577

31.0%

1026

28.7%

304

37.5%

107

37.0%

140

34.2%

Length of Operation

14.65

13.74

16.82

17.35

16.43

years (95% CIs)a

[14.4, 14.9]

[13.4,14.02

[16.2,17.4]

[16.3,18.4]

[15.6,17.3]

Neighborhood level characteristics (mean, 95% CIs)

Percent African Americana

18.2%

17.0%

20.9%

22.5%

20.6%

[17.5,18.8]

[16.3,17.8]

[19.1, 22.6]

[19.4, 25.5]

[18.0, 23.1]

Percent Poverty

18.5%

15.8%

16.7%

17.1%

17.5%

[18.1,18.8]

[15.8,16.1]

[16.1,17.3]

[16.0,18.2]

[16.5,18.5]

Outcomes (mean, 95% CIs)

Mean Total Performance Score*

26.3

[26.1, 26.4]

18.0

[17.6, 18.4]

19.3

[18.4, 20.2]

20.1

[18.5, 21.7]

19.2

[17.9, 20.6]

  1. a p < 0.05, difference across groups. *Pay-for-Performance Payment Categories: Total Performance Score (TPS) 26–30, 0% payment reduction; TPS 21–25, 0.5% payment reduction; TPS 16–20, 1% payment reduction; TPS less than 15, payment reduction ≥1.5%