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Table 6 Annual costs in Danish krone (Denmark)

From: Real-world costs of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in the Nordics

Costs in DKK, mean (95% CI)

CKD 1–3 (n = 64)

CKD 4–5 (n = 55)

Dialysis (n = 61)

Transplant (n = 63)

P value

Direct costs

28,022 (14,728–50,835)

47,203 (35,863–63,990)

667,362 (623,398–720,640)

196,114 (159,055–237,980)

<0.0001

Hospitalisations

4736 (1611–10,505)

12,224 (4810–24,391)

50,954 (34,240–71,642)

23,881 (12,072–40,151)

<0.0001

Outpatient care visits

5596 (3810–7867)

9483 (6889–14,515)

15,802 (11,175–21,341)

14,219 (10,992–18,453)

<0.0001

Primary care visits

1558 (779–2761)

2719 (712–7252)

1144 (163–2942)

791 (317–1741)

.5094

Surgical procedures

2183 (125–7519)

6938 (2660–13,242)

31,596 (18,141–50,394)

4228 (1812–7559)

<0.0001

Diagnostic tests

1591 (1055–2225)

1803 (1239–2542)

6081 (4851–7544)

3464 (2374–5095)

<0.0001

Home care/medical assistance

9838 (38–28,949)

717 (62–1940)

12,399 (4417–23,648)

2503 (313–7919)

.0001

Routine dialysis care

441,221 (417,652–462,446)

14,377 (3783–28,905)

<0.0001

Haemodialysis transportation

41,146 (33,117–49,306)

214 (0–1068)

<0.0001

Drug use

2520 (1404–3856)

13,318 (9605–17,716)

67,020 (57,869–79,028)

132,438 (110,082–158,657)

<0.0001

 Antihypertensives

391 (295–507)

476 (394–559)

343 (272–420)

401 (303–534)

.0560

 Phosphate binders

1351 (656–2160)

10,551 (8212–13,158)

521 (123–1242)

<0.0001

 ESAs

60 (0–245)

3366 (1286–5953)

23,281 (19,497–26,558)

3449 (1459–6102)

<0.0001

 Analgesics for kidney pain

17 (5–39)

90 (21–253)

182 (26–534)

13 (2–37)

.1069

 Vitamin D analogues

2004 (937–3379)

6955 (5201–8861)

13,309 (12,162–14,207)

4593 (3129–6257)

<0.0001

 Immunosupressants

5699 (312–14,111)

122,984 (100,943–149,412)

<0.0001

 Other drugs

48 (11–110)

1081 (157–2500)

13,655 (10,825–16,513)

477 (194–932)

<0.0001

Indirect costs

51,523 (32,278–75,631)

94,631 (65,117–126,721)

100,970 (67,789–132,323)

81,688 (55,334–110,676)

.0726

Productivity loss

51,224 (31,835–75,332)

92,083 (63,079–123,547)

91,373 (59,420–122,164)

80,647 (54,460–109,503)

.3032

Informal care

299 (0–896)

2548 (873–5141)

9597 (3801–19,465)

1041 (415–1891)

<0.0001

Total costs

79,544 (54,826–109,204)

141,834 (105,601–181,449)

768,332 (707,301–830,831)

277,802 (227,251–333,023)

<0.0001

  1. P values calculated with Kruskal–Wallis test
  2. DKK Danish krone, ESA erythropoiesis-stimulating agent, CI confidence interval (bias corrected)