Table 5 The average (SD) frequency that the items in EBP Implementation in Public Health Scale applied to the respondents in the past 8 weeks, on a 5-point scale [28]. The average scores of the items in EBP Implementation Scale questionnaire, before and after the intervention

Used evidence to change my public health practice

1 (1.1)

1 (1)

Critically appraised evidence from a research study

0.8 (1)

0.7 (1)

Generated a PICO question about my public health practice

0.2 (0.6)

0.3 (0.6)

Informally discussed evidence from a research study with a colleague

1.4 (1.1)

1.3 (1.2)

Collected data on a patient problem

0.6 (1.2)

0.7 (1.2)

Shared evidence from a study or studies in the form of a report or presentation to more than 2 colleagues

0.6 (0.9)

0.6 (0.9)

Evaluated the outcomes of a practice change

0.3 (0.7)

0.3 (0.7)

Shared an evidence based guideline with a colleague

0.7 (0.9)

0.7 (0.9)

Shared evidence from research with a client

0.6 (1.1)

0.7 (1.2)

Shared evidence from a research study with a multi-disciplinary team member

0.6 (0.9)

0.6 (0.9)

Read and critically appraised a clinical research study

0.4 (0.8)

0.5 (0.9)

Accessed the Cochrane database of systematic reviews

0.3 (0.7)

0.4 (0.9)

Accessed the National Guidelines Clearinghouse

0.1 (0.4)

0.2 (0.6)

Used an evidence based guideline or systematic review to change public health practice where I work

0.4 (0.7)

0.4 (0.7)

Evaluated a care initiative by collecting client outcome data

0.2 (0.6)

0.3 (0.7)

Shared the outcome data collected with colleagues

0.3 (0.7)

0.3 (0.8)

Changed practice based on client outcome data

0.2 (0.6)

0.2 (0.6)

Promoted the use of evidence in practice to my colleagues

1 (1)

1 (1.1)