Table 2 Interventions following a high violence risk assessment score (the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression [DASA] total score ≥4)

Observations with a high violence risk assessment score

n

%

No following interventions

19

8.8

One or more interventions

198

91.2

A total number of observed interventions

Distribution of various interventions

n^I

%

n^P

 Seclusion

63

15.8

29

 Intramuscular medication administered without consent

15

3.8

11

 Limitation of the freedom of movement

13

3.3

12

 Mechanical restraint

9

2.3

5

 Physical restraint

3

0.8

3

 Limitation of contacts

3

0.8

3

PRN-medication per os

134

33.5

49

Focused discussion performed by a nurse

43

10.8

32

 Verbal enforcing of boundaries

25

6.3

17

 Change of medication

23

5.8

20

 Discharge or transfer to another ward

14

3.5

14

 A visit by a relative

11

2.8

10

 Daily activities/sports/a walk outdoors

11

2.8

11

 Leading the patient to her/his own room

10

2.5

6

 The patient is held by the arm and purposefully guided away from one location to another

5

1.3

5

 The patient stays voluntarily in the seclusion room with the door unlocked

4

1.0

4

 Discussion with a doctor

3

0.8

3

 Changing the patient room

3

0.8

3

 Intramuscular medication with consent

2

0.5

1

 A visit to home

2

0.5

2

 Giving a structural self-assessment instrument (e.g., the Beck Depression Inventory) to be filled in by the patient

2

0.5

2

 Medication given earlier than prescribed

1

0.3

2

 Discussion with a social worker

1

0.3

1