Table 1 Characteristics, scoring and prevalence of dementia/AD in studies carried out in Italy
From: A systematic review of the quality of studies on dementia prevalence in Italy
First author and year of publication | Year of survey | Area of investigation | Type of dementia(s) | Age (years) | Sample size Score | Design Score | Response Proportion Score | Diagnostic assessment Score | Total score | Prevalence of dementia | Diagnostic criteria tools |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rocca, 1990 [9] | 1987 | Appignano (Macerata) | D (AD + MID + MD) | >59 | 778 Score: 1 | Two-phase design with negative screen Score: 1 | 96 % Score: 3 | AMT + MMSE + Blessed-Roth + CE + IN Score: 3 | 8 | 6.2 % (2.6 % AD) | NINCDS-ADRDA HIS |
ILSA, 1997 [10] | 1992–1993 | 8 municipalities | Any type | 65–84 | 5632/5462 (total/eligible) Score: 2 | Two-phase design with negative screen Score: 1 | 84-64 %a Score: 3 | IN + CE (MMSE/ADL/IADL) Score: 3 | 9 | 7.2 % F | DSM-III-R |
5.3 % M | NINCDS-ADRDA | ||||||||||
ICD-10 | |||||||||||
Prencipe, 1996 [11] | 1992–1993 | Aquila Province | D (AD + VaD + ODD) | >64 | 1147 Score: 1 | Two-phase design with negative screen Score: 1 | 84.4 % Score: 3 | MMSE/MSQ + CE + IN + disability assessment Score: 4 | 9 | 8.0 % (5.2 % AD) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
NINDS-AIREN | |||||||||||
HIS | |||||||||||
De Ronchi, 1998 [12] | 1991 | Granarolo (Ravenna) | AD + VaD + MD | ≥61 | 557 (481 completers) Score: 1 | Two-phase design with no negative Score: 0 | 86.4 % Score: 3 | MMSE/GDS + CE + IN + ADL Score: 2 | 6 | 11.1 % | DSM III R |
Benedetti, 2002 [13] | 1996 | Buttapietra (Verona) | AD + VaD | >74 | 238 Score: 0.5 | One-phase design Score: 2 | 93.3 % Score: 3 | MMSE + CE + IN + ADL Score: 3 | 8.5 | 15.8 % (6.7 % AD) | HIS |
NINCDS-ADRDA | |||||||||||
DSM-III-R | |||||||||||
Ferini-Strambi, 1997 [14] | 1991 | Vescovato (Cremona) | AD + VaD + MD + SeD | >59 | 856 (673 responders) Score: 1 | Two-phase design with no negative Score: 0 | 79 % Score: 2 | AMT + CE Score: 2 | 5 | 9.8 % (5.2 % AD) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
NINDS-AIREN | |||||||||||
D’Alessandro, 1996 [15] | 1992 | Troina (Enna) | D (VaD) | >74 | 365 Score: 0.5 | Two-phase design with negative screen Score: 1 | 95 % Score: 3 | MMSE + CE + CDR Score: 3 | 7.5 | 21.9 % | DSM-III-R |
HIS | |||||||||||
Azzimondi, 1998 [16] | 1992–1994 | 2 Sicilian Communities (data on S. Agata Militello) | D (VaD) | >74 | 408 Score: 1 | Two-phase design with negative screen Score: 1 | 93 % Score: 3 | MMSE + CE + CDR Score: 3 | 8 | 28.4 % | DSM-III-RHIS |
Cristina, 2001 [17] | 1992–1993 | Pavia Province | D | >65 (40 % 65–69 and all >70) | 2442 Score: 1.5 | Two-phase design with negative sample Score: 1 | 68 % Score: 2 | MMSE + IN + CE Score: 3 | 7.5 | 11.8 % | DSM-III-R |
Tognoni, 2005 [18] | 2000 | Pisa Province (Vecchiano) | VaD + AD+ LBD + MCI | >65 | 2366 Score: 1.5 | Two-phase design with indirect sample of negative screen | 68 % Score: 2 | MMSE/CDR/CAMDEX + C E+ IN + ADL Score: 3 | 7.5 | 6.2 % (4.2 % AD) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
HIS | |||||||||||
LBD | |||||||||||
MCADRC DSM-IV | |||||||||||
Lucca, 2011 [19] | 2002–2010 | Monzino (Varese) | D (AD) | ≥80 (80–100) | 2316 Score: 1.5 | One-phase design Score: 2 | 88 % Registered Score: 3 | MMSE/BIMC/CDR + CE + IN + disability assessment Score: 4 | 10.5 | 32 % | DSM-IV |
Ravaglia, 1999 [20] | 1994–1995 | Bologna + Ravenna provinces | AD + VaD | ≥100 | 154 Score: 0.5 | One-phase design Score: 2 | 65 % Score: 2 | MMSE + CE + IN + disability assessment Score: 3 | 7.5 | 61.9 % (48.9 % AD) | DSM-IV |
NINCDS-ADRDA | |||||||||||
ICD 10 | |||||||||||
Spada, 2009 [21] | 2005–2006 | San Teodoro (Enna) | AD + VaD + Others | 60–85 | 374 Score: 0.5 | Two-phase design with no negative screen sample Score: 0 | 74.9 % Score: 2 | MMSE + CE + IN + disability assessment Score: 3 | 5.5 | 7.1 % (4.1 % AD) | DSM IV |
NINCDS-ADRDA | |||||||||||
NINDS-AIREN | |||||||||||
Ravaglia, 2002 [22] | 1999–2000 | Conselice (Ravenna) | AD + VaD | 65–97 | 1353 Score: 1 | Two-phase design with negative screen sample Score: 1 | 75 % Score: 2 | MMSE + CE + IN + disability assessment Score: 3 | 7 | 5.9 % (3.0 % AD) | DSM-IV |
NINCDS-ADRDA | |||||||||||
NINDS-AIREN | |||||||||||
Ferrucci, 2000 [24] | 1998 | Greve in Chianti + Bagno a Ripoli (Florence) | D and AD | >65–90+ | 1260 Score: 1 | Two-phase design with negative screen Score: 1 | 91.6 %b Score: 3 | MMSE + CE + IN + disability assessment Score: 3 | 8 | 7.1 % (3.6 % AD)d | DSM-III-R |
NINCDS-ADRDA | |||||||||||
Di Bari, 1999 [25] | 1995 | Dicomano (Florence) | D and AD | >65–90+ | 864 Score: 1 | Two-phase design with negative screen Score: 0 | 91.2 %b Score: 3 | MMSE c + MODA + CE + BADL Score: 3 | 7 | 9.0 % z (5.2 % AD)d | Unknown |