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Table 3 Costs by advance care directive completions and selected demographic characteristics (Australian dollars)

From: Costs and advance directives at the end of life: a case of the ‘Coaching Older Adults and Carers to have their preferences Heard (COACH)’ trial

 

Type of costs: figures are mean (Standard deviation)

Variable

Drugs

Hospitalisation

Tests, treatments & Investigations

Consultations

Intervention

Othera

Total

n = 228

n = 228

n = 228

n = 228

n = 228

n = 228

n = 228

Was an ADb completed?

 Yes (n = 76)

4,605(4,949)

33,534(63,669)

3,104(4,109)

2,323(1,957)

285(212)*

172(267)

43,955(64,490)

 No (n = 152)

5,648(5,794)

44,396(86,314)

3,793(6,249)

2,531(2,353)

153(210)*

181(262)

56,910(90,740)

Type of ADb completed

 GPCPc (n = 35)

4,745(5,393)

30,256(44,876)

2,162(2,571)

1,843(1,694)

356(172)*

161(271)

39,423(43,911)

 EPGd (n = 21)

4,867(5,866)

46,034(91,302)

3,749(5,445)

2,589(1,842)

277(228)*

159(289)

57,610(92,844)

 MDe (n = 20)

4,085(2,834)

26,147(58,077)

4,076(4,529)

2,883(2,363)

172(218)*

206(248)

37,548(60,049)

Gender

 Females (n = 138)

5,313(5,419)

32,305(72,418)*

2,873(3,688)

2,378(2,158)

196(218)

191(254)

43,485(74,557)*

 Males (n = 90)

5,281(5,747)

53,763(88,139)*

4,622(7,611)

2,590(2,335)

199(222)

158(278)

66,557(93,207)*

Did individual have a QoL gain?

 Yes (n =105)

5,242(5,866)

34,530(81,028)

4,448(7,253)

2,420(2,161)

206(221)

211(300)

47,027(87,102)

 No (n = 123)

5,237(5,430)

40,390(60,029)

2,932(4,188)

2,547(2,387)

193(218)

151(231)

51,718(62,788)

Was individual dead at 12 months?

 Yes (n = 53)

4,698(7,024)*

63,139(100,000)*

3,985(7,107)

2,379(2,656)

181(208)

106(210)*

74,439(110,000)*

 No (n = 175)

5,483(5,012)*

34,002(70,232)*

3,436(5,112)

2,487(2,088)

202(223)

200(274)*

45,976(71,992)*

Place of death

 Hospital (n =31)

4,351(7,099)

87,896(130,000)

5,034(8,793)

2,637(3,233)

223(213)

59(112)

100,000(140,000)

 Residential care (n = 19)

3,931(3,109)

28,812(25,740)

1,675(1,338)

1,912(1,487)

142(197)

190(307)

36,610(27,035)

 Home/Ind. living unit (n = 3)

13,141(18,044)

24,710(42,798)

7,763(6,959)

2,679(1,847)

 

51(88)

48,343(67,221)

Total sample

5,300(5,538)

40,775(79,507)

4,083 (5,951)

2,786 (2,256)

188 (219)

201 (279)

55,214 (88.421)

  1. *Kruskall Wallis test statistically significant at 0.05; aOther = primary care and general practice; bAD = Advance directive; cGPCP = Good palliative care plan; dEPG = Enduring power of guardianship; eMD = Medical documentation