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Table 1 Descriptive statistics for admissions contributing to the regression analyses

From: Determinants of hospital length of stay for people with serious mental illness in England and implications for payment systems: a regression analysis

Variable

Pooled (N = 89,510) (1)

Schizophrenia (N = 38,216) (2)

Psychotic and schizoaffective disorder (N = 21,415) (3)

Manic and bipolar disorder (N = 29,879) (4)

Main diagnosis (n, %)

        

 Schizophrenia (F20)

38,216

(42.7)

38,216

(100.0)

    

 Schizotypal disorder (F21)

229

(0.3)

  

229

(1.1)

  

 Persistent delusional disorder (F22)

3,605

(4.0)

  

3,605

(16.8)

  

 Acute and transient psychotic disorder (F23)

6,446

(7.2)

  

6,446

(30.1)

  

 Induced delusional disorder (F24)

66

(0.1)

  

66

(0.3)

  

 Schizoaffective disorders (F25)

8,200

(9.2)

  

8,200

(38.3)

  

 Other nonorganic psychotic disorders (F28)

268

(0.3)

  

268

(1.3)

  

 Unspecified nonorganic psychosis (F29)

2,601

(2.9)

  

2,601

(12.1)

  

 Manic episode (F30)

2,777

(3.1)

    

2,777

(9.3)

 Bipolar affective disorder (F31)

27,102

(30.3)

    

27,102

(90.7)

Age (n, %)

        

 Age up to 25

8,224

(9.2)

3,893

(10.2)

2,795

(13.1)

1,536

(5.1)

 Age 25-34

17,951

(20.1)

9,213

(24.1)

4,623

(21.6)

4,115

(13.8)

 Age 35-44

22,116

(24.7)

10,308

(27.0)

5,094

(23.8)

6,714

(22.5)

 Age 45-54

17,997

(20.1)

7,298

(19.1)

3,824

(17.9)

6,875

(23.0)

 Age 55-64

11,652

(13.0)

4,194

(11.0)

2,281

(10.7)

5,177

(17.3)

 Age 65-74

7,110

(7.9)

2,203

(5.8)

1,402

(6.5)

3,505

(11.7)

 Age 75 and over

4,460

(5.0)

1,107

(2.9)

1,396

(6.5)

1,957

(6.5)

Gender (n, %)

        

 Female

42,589

(47.6)

13,217

(34.6)

11,292

(52.7)

18,080

(60.5)

 Male

46,921

(52.4)

24,999

(65.4)

10,123

(47.3)

11,799

(39.5)

Detention status (n, %)

        

 Not detained

72,273

(80.7)

30,554

(80.0)

17,039

(79.6)

24,680

(82.6)

 Detained

17,237

(19.3)

7,662

(20.0)

4,376

(20.4)

5,199

(17.4)

Ethnicity (n, %)

        

 White

67,980

(75.9)

27,330

(71.5)

15,841

(74.0)

24,809

(83.0)

 Mixed

1,822

(2.0)

948

(2.5)

443

(2.1)

431

(1.4)

 Asian

6,728

(7.5)

3,290

(8.6)

1,684

(7.9)

1,754

(5.9)

 Black

8,898

(9.9)

5,051

(13.2)

2,172

(10.1)

1,675

(5.6)

 Unknown or missing

4,082

(4.6)

1,597

(4.2)

1,275

(6.0)

1,210

(4.0)

Patient has a carer (n, %)

        

 No

83,426

(93.2)

35,647

(93.3)

19,958

(93.2)

27,821

(93.1)

 Yes

6,084

(6.8)

2,569

(6.7)

1,457

(6.8)

2,058

(6.9)

Patient was previously treated for mental health issues (n, %)

        

 No

48,126

(53.8)

19,377

(50.7)

12,803

(59.8)

15,946

(53.4)

 Yes

41,384

(46.2)

18,839

(49.3)

8,612

(40.2)

13,933

(46.6)

Alcohol and substance misuse (n, %)

        

 No

84,786

(94.7)

35,797

(93.7)

20,304

(94.8)

28,685

(96.0)

 Yes

4,724

(5.3)

2,419

(6.3)

1,111

(5.2)

1,194

(4.0)

Co-morbid personality disorder (n, %)

        

 No

88,329

(98.7)

37,800

(98.9)

21,077

(98.4)

29,452

(98.6)

 Yes

1,181

(1.3)

416

(1.1)

338

(1.6)

427

(1.4)

Number of comorbidities (mean, sd)

0.43

(1.0)

0.39

(1.0)

0.47

(1.1)

0.45

(1.1)

Discharge type (n, %)

        

 Discharged by consultant

87,063

(97.3)

37,148

(97.2)

20,790

(97.1)

29,125

(97.5)

 Self-discharged

2,017

(2.3)

902

(2.4)

525

(2.5)

590

(2.0)

 Died in hospital

430

(0.5)

166

(0.4)

100

(0.5)

164

(0.5)

Resident in urban area (n, %)

        

 No

8,959

(10.0)

2,782

(7.3)

2,251

(10.5)

3,926

(13.1)

 Yes

80,551

(90.0)

35,434

(92.7)

19,164

(89.5)

25,953

(86.9)

Percentage mental health benefit claimants in local community (mean, sd)

2

(1.6)

2.51

(1.7)

2.23

(1.6)

2.03

(1.5)

Percentage population of local community resident in NHS psychiatric establishment (mean, sd)

0

(0.3)

0.03

(0.4)

0.02

(0.3)

0.02

(0.3)

GP quality - % practice population with SMI with care plan (mean, sd)

1

(0.1)

0.84

(0.1)

0.85

(0.1)

0.84

(0.1)

GP access - % practice population able to see GP within 48 h (mean, sd)

1

(0.1)

0.82

(0.1)

0.82

(0.1)

0.83

(0.1)