The effect of performance-based financing on illness, care-seeking and treatment among children: an impact evaluation in Rwanda

Table 3 Number and percent of children reported ill, seeking care, and receiving treatment in past 2 weeks by study sample and year

	Intervention group					Comparison group
	2005^a		2008^b		Absolute change^c	2005^a		2008^b		Absolute change^c
	N	%	N	%	%	N	%	N	%	%
Reported illness
Diarrhea	218	13.4	270	13.4	0.0	154	15.6	151	12.4	−3.2
Fever	437	26.8	426	21.2	−5.6*	247	25.1	276	22.7	−2.4
ARI	305	18.9	376	18.7	−0.2	177	18.2	212	17.5	−0.7
Facility consultation among those sick
Diarrhea	35	16.4	87	32.5	16.1**	18	12.0	36	23.7	11.7*
Fever	108	24.8	146	35.7	10.9*	66	27.0	96	35.7	8.7
ARI	90	29.4	98	27.1	−2.3	47	27.0	70	35.3	8.3
Treatment among those who received facility consultation^d
For diarrhea:
ORT	22	61.9	56	64.4	2.5	11	61.8	26	73.0	11.2
Antibiotics	18	52.1	23	26.8	−25.3	9	49.9	11	29.9	−20.0
For fever:
Fever reducer	46	42.4	73	50.5	8.1	29	46.6	43	45.4	−1.2
Antimalarial	22	20.4	16	11.3	−9.1	19	29.6	14	14.7	−14.9

Denominators (not shown) change by study sample, year, and outcome
^aT-tests found no statistical difference between the intervention and comparison groups at baseline
^bT-tests found no statistical difference between the intervention and comparison groups post-intervention
^cT-tests for differences between 2005 and 2008; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01
^dInsufficient numbers to calculate test statistic

ISSN: 1472-6963