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Table 1 Patient characteristics (N = 3,784)

From: Emergency department and inpatient health care utilization among patients who require interpreter services

Characteristic

IS Patients (n = 1,892)

Non-IS Patients (n = 1,892)

P Valuea

Age, median (IQR), y

51.0 (36.0-64.0)

51.0 (35.0-64.0)

.95

Male sex, No. of patients (%)

718 (37.9)

821 (43.4)

<.001

Race, No. of patients (%)

<.001

American Indian or Alaska Native

12 (0.6)

4 (0.2)

Black

511 (27.0)

34 (1.8)

White

235 (12.4)

1,726 (91.2)

Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

9 (0.5)

1 (0.1)

Asian

511 (27.0)

50 (2.6)

Other, unknown, or chose not to disclose

614 (32.5)

77 (4.1)

Ethnicity, No. of patients (%)

<.001

Hispanic or Latino

259 (13.7)

29 (1.5)

Not Hispanic or Latino

1,325 (70.0)

1,698 (89.7)

Unknown or chose not to disclose

308 (16.3)

165 (8.7)

Marital status, No. of patients (%)

<.001

Married or life partner

1,164 (61.5)

1,267 (67.0)

Divorced, single, widowed, separated, or unknown

728 (38.5)

625 (33.0)

Insurance

<.001

Government

1,024 (54.1)

550 (29.1)

Non-Government

505 (26.7)

1,160 (61.3)

Unknown

363 (19.2)

182 (9.6)

Residency

<.001

Rural

132 (7.0)

686 (36.3)

Urban

1,397 (73.8)

1,025 (54.1)

Unknown

363 (19.2)

181 (9.6)

Charlson Scoreb

N = 1860

N = 1857

0.0009

0

1127 (60.6)

1235 (66.5)

1

366 (19.9)

307 (16.5)

2+

367 (19.7)

315 (17.0)

Out-patient visits

<0.0001

0–1

660 (34.9)

415 (21.9)

2–4

357 (18.9)

515 (27.2)

5–10

435 (23.0)

483 (25.5)

11+

440 (23.3)

479 (25.3)

Emergency department visits, No. of patients (%)

<.001

0

1,607 (84.9)

1,691 (89.4)

1

181 (9.6)

141 (7.5)

2

45 (2.4)

31 (1.6)

≥3

59 (3.1)

29 (1.5)

Hospitalizations, No. of patients (%)

<.001

0

1,443 (76.3)

1,600 (84.6)

 

1

300 (15.9)

220 (11.6)

2

80 (4.2)

42 (2.2)

≥3

69 (3.6)

30 (1.6)

  1. IQR interquartile range, IS interpreter services
  2. aχ2 Test for categorical variables and rank sum test for continuous variables
  3. bAvailable for a subset of the population (IS patients, n = 1,860; non-IS patients, n = 1,857)