Black N = 498 (26.1%) | White N = 1408 (73.9%) | |
---|---|---|
Demographic Characteristics | ||
Male | 49.4 | 57.2† |
Mean Age (SD) | 45(10) | 53(13)† |
Census-Derived SES Measures | ||
Living in neighborhood with mean household income below poverty level | 30.9 | 9.2† |
Living in neighborhood where >75% residents do not understand spoken English | 32.4 | 13.6† |
Living in neighborhood where >75% residents do not have high school degree | 5.6 | 0.8† |
Health Service Utilization | ||
Mean # of MD Visits (SD) | 3(2) | 3(2) |
Mean # of Lab Tests (SD) | 2(1) | 2(1) |
Clinical Characteristics | ||
Glycemic Control§ | ||
Good (<7.0%) | 35.7 | 41.1 |
Moderate (7.0%–9.0%) | 44.4 | 45.4 |
Poor (>9.0%) | 19.9 | 13.6 |
Mean HbA1c Values§ (SD) | 7.8(1.6) | 7.6(1.5)† |
Body Mass Index (BMI)|| | ||
Overweight (30–<40) | 42.6 | 48.6 |
Obese (40+) | 16.0 | 13.6 |
Mean BMI|| (SD) | 33.2(7.6) | 32.8(6.6) |
Comorbidities | ||
Any Diabetes-Related Hospitalizations | 8.6 | 10.8 |
Any Diabetes-Related ER Visits | 9.4 | 9.2 |
Monthly Mean # AHFS¶ (SD) | 1.9(0.9) | 2.1(1.0)† |
Self-Management Practice | ||
Initiation of Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose | 70.7 | 59.6† |
Initiation of Medication Therapy | ||
Sulfonylurea | 86.7 | 85.8 |
Metformin (alone or in combination) | 13.2 | 14.2 |