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Table 5 Multiple regression analyses of patient satisfaction with the physical environments of outpatient waiting areas across patient personal characteristics and visiting information (n = 680)

From: Hospital outpatient perceptions of the physical environment of waiting areas: the role of patient characteristics on atmospherics in one academic medical center

 

Visual environment

Hearing environment

Body contact environment

Cleanliness (overall and restrooms)

Constant

-0.207

-0.319

-0.527

0.322

Gender (default: male)

    

Female

-0.040

0.005

0.142

-0.354***

Age

0.008*

0.007

0.007*

-0.001

Education (default: Undergraduate and above)

    

Senior high school

0.105

0.129

0.085

0.035

Junior high school

-0.015

0.010

0.089

0.095

Elementary school and below

0.104

0.134

0.474

0.244

Visiting frequency (default: First-visit patients)

    

Returning patients

-0.116

0.058

0.292**

-0.015

Visiting time (default: Morning)

    

Afternoon

-0.173*

-0.018

0.114

-0.162*

  1. Note:
  2. 1. Patient salary and living areas (in city residents vs. outside city residents) showed no statistically significant relationships with their perceived physical environments of the medical waiting rooms in the univariate analysis and were not included in the multiple regression analysis.
  3. 2. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001