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Table 1 Baseline patients’ characteristics of 1860, LEAD-6 and Greek simulated cohorts

From: Cost-effectiveness analysis of liraglutide versus sitagliptin or exenatide in patients with inadequately controlled Type 2 diabetes on oral antidiabetic drugs in Greece

 

1860

LEAD-6

Greek*

Patient demographics

   

Baseline age (years)

55.3 (9.2)

56.7 (10.3)

64.5 (10.5)

Duration of diabetes (years)

6 (5.1)

8.2 (6)

10.4 (8.3)

Percentage male

52.9%

51.9%

51.5%

Baseline risk factors

   

HbA1c (%)

8.4 (0.8)

8.2 (1.0)

8.2 (1.8)

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

132.2 (14.5)

133.0 (16.6)

139.8 (19.3)

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

4.79 (0.38)

4.7 (0.95)

5.5 (−)

HDL (mmol/l)

1.16 (0.31)

1.2 (0.3)

1.2 (0.3)

LDL (mmol/l)

2.65 (0.82)

2.95 (0.8)

3.7 (1.0)

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

2.38 (2.22)

2.15 (1.35)

1.9 (1.4)

Body mass index (kg/m2)

32.8 (5.2)

32.9 (5.7)

30.4 (5.3)

Proportion smoker

36.0%

36.0%

36.0%

Cigarettes per day

18.7

18.7

18.7

Alcohol consumption (Oz/week)

15.91

15.91

15.91

Racial characteristics

   

Proportion White

90%

80.6%

100%

Proportion Black

7.5%

5.5%

0%

Proportion Hispanic

0%

12.4%

0%

Proportion Native American

0.5%

1.3%

0%

Proportion Asian/Pacific Islander

2%

0.2%

0%

Baseline CVD complications

   

Proportion with myocardial infarction

2.7%

2.6%

12.8%

Proportion with angina

1.8%

1.9%

5.0%

Proportion with peripheral vascular disease

0.9%

0.6%

5.6%

Proportion with stroke

0.8%

0.2%

8.1%

Proportion with congestive heart failure

0.4%

1.5%

4.2%

Proportion with atrial fibrillation

1.5%

1.5%

9.1%

Proportion with left ventricular hypertrophy

0.2%

0.2%

3.1%

Baseline renal complications

   

Proportion with microalbuminuria

1.1%

1.1%

1.1%

Proportion with gross proteinuria

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

Proportion with end-stage renal disease

0.4%

0.6%

0.4%

Baseline retinopathy complications

 

Proportion with BDR

2.7%

1.1%

25%

Proportion with PDR

0.2%

0.2%

4%

Proportion with severe vision loss

0.4%

0.6%

4.5%

Baseline macular edema

   

Proportion with macular edema

1.1%

0.2%

1.1%

Baseline cataract

   

Proportion with cataract

1.7%

6.9%

1.7%

Baseline foot ulcer complications

   

Prop. uninfected ulcer

0.6%

0.2%

0.6%

Prop. infected ulcer

0.3%

0.0%

0.3%

Prop. healed ulcer

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Prop. history of amputation

0.0%

0.2%

0.0%

Baseline neuropathy

   

Proportion with neuropathy

11.6%

7.8%

14.7%

Baseline depression

   

Proportion with depression

0%

0%

9%

  1. Data are mean (SD). *In the Greek cohort, all demographic and physiological parameters were retrieved from S. Liatis et al. study [13], while the renal, foot ulcer, macular oedema and cataract complications values were assumed to be the same as for 1860 cohort. All other diabetes-related complications were taken from National School of Public health (data on file) and racial characteristics from Hellenic Statistical Authority (http://www.statistics.gr). Considering all cohorts, the smoking status and number of cigarettes per day were elicited from National School of Public health, Healthcare map 2011 (data on file), whereas the alcohol consumption estimate from S. Liatis et al. study [13]. Proportion with depression assumed to be 0 in 1860 and LEAD-6 cohorts. Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes 6 = LEAD-6; HbA1c = glycated haemoglobin; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; CVD = cardiovascular disease; BDR = background diabetic retinopathy; PDR = proliferative diabetic retinopathy.