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Table 1 Examples of Cochrane systematic reviews reporting lack of evidence in specified areas of CCE

From: Implementing strategies in consumer and community engagement in health care: results of a large-scale, scoping meta-review

Authors/year

Topic

Methodology

Number of identified papers

Legare et al., 2011a [47]

Interventions to encourage health care professionals to help patients involved in the process of shared decision making.

Databases: Cochrane Library (1970-), MEDLINE (1966-), EMBASE (1976- ), CINAHL (1982-) and PsycINFO (1965-). up to 18 March 2009: Included all languages of publication.

5 papers included. Authors reported that these papers had methodological limitations.

Ryan et al., 2010 [48]

The application of audiovisual education for people who attend clinical trials

Databases: The Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group Specialised Register (searched 20 June 2006); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), The Cochrane Library, issue 2, 2006; MEDLINE (Ovid) (1966 to June week 1 2006); EMBASE (Ovid) (1988 to 2006 week 24); and other databases. No language restrictions.

4 papers included. Authors concluded that uncertainty clouds this area.

Car et al., 2011 [49]

Initiatives for increasing online health literacy of consumers

Databases: the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group Specialised Register; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, Issue 1 2008); MEDLINE (Ovid); EMBASE (Ovid); CINAHL (Dialog); ERIC (CSA Illumina); LISA (CSA Illumina); PsycINFO (Ovid); Index to scientific and technical proceedings; SIGLE; ASLIB Index to Theses; ProQuest Dissertation Abstracts; National Research Register/UK CRN Portfolio database; Current Controlled Trials – Meta Register of Controlled Trials. January 1990 to March 2008.

2 papers included. Authors concluded that there is only low quality evidence to support efficacy of initiatives for increasing online health literacy of consumers.

Henderson and Laugharne, 2011 [50]

The application of user-held personalised information for care of people with severe mental illness

Databases: AMED (1980–1998), Biological Abstracts (1985–1998), British Nursing Index (1994–1998), CAB (1973–1999), CINAHL (1982–1999), The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (Issue 1, 1999), EMBASE (1980–1999), HEALTHSTAR (1990–1999), HMIC (King’s Fund Database 1979–1998 & HELMIS 1984–1998), MEDLINE (1966–1999), PsycLIT (1887–1999), Royal College of Nursing Database (1985–1996), SIGLE (1990–1998), Sociological Abstracts (1963–1998) and the Internet (http://www.controlled-trials.com/)

Authors could not include any studies.