Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis of predictors for selected regulatory practices (n = 213)

District

Bungoma

42 (35)

1.09 (0.61-1.95) p = 0.800

1.31 (0.69-2.50) p = 0.400

13 (10)

0.82 (0.35-1.90) p = 0.600

0.86 (0.30-2.47) p = 0.700

66 (55)

0.89 (0.51-1.55) p = 0.700

0.95 (0.52-1.74) p = 0.900

Kakamega

30 (33)

12 (13)

53 (58)

Shop location

Urban

31 (50)

2.58 (1.37-4.86) p = 0.002

1.94 (0.97-3.88) p = 0.050

18 (28)

7.71 (2.86-20.77) p < 0.001

4.14 (1.39-12.27) p = 0.010

41 (63)

1.55 (0.84-2.85) p = 0.200

0.99 (0.50-1.97) p = 0.900

Rural

41 (28)

7 (5)

78 (53)

Licenses displayed in premises

Yes

49 (42)

2.19 (1.18-4.08) p = 0.010

1.35 (0.69-2.67) p = 0.300

23 (19)

10.66 (2.30-49.26) p < 0.001

4.02 (0.81-20.10) p = 0.090

-

-

-

No

22 (25)

2 (2)

-

Pharmacy-qualified staff

Yes

49 (50)

3.71 (1.96-7.00) p < 0.001

2.70 (1.38-5.31) p = 0.004

23 (23)

16.94 (3.53-81.20) p < 0.001

6.21 (1.26-30.54) p = 0.020

69 (70)

2.95 (1.63-5.34) p < 0.001

1.95 (1.05-3.64) p = 0.030

No

23 (21)

2 (2)

50 (45)

Knows name of pharmacy law

Yes

35 (55)

3.52 (1.84-6.71) 001

1.98 (0.95-4.10) p = 0.060

21 (33)

17.70 (5.10-61.49) p < 0.001

4.91 (1.33-18.12) p = 0.010

51 (81)

4.94 (2.33-10.44) p < 0.001

3.63 (1.67-7.89) p < 0.001

No

37 (26)

4 (3)

68 (46)

Inspection in the last year

Yes

62 (35)

1.05 (0.47-2.41) p = 0.900

-

2.09 (0.46-9.44) p = 0.300

-

105 (59)

1.72 (0.80-3.73) p = 0.200

1.33 (0.59-3.01) p = 0.500

No

10 (33)

23 (13)

14 (45)