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Table 2 Characteristics of studies

From: Do large-scale hospital- and system-wide interventions improve patient outcomes: a systematic review

Characteristic

Number of studies

Year

 

2000-2007

1

2007-2011

1

2011-2012

4

Country

 

United States

3

Australia

1

United Kingdom

2

Settings (# hospitals)

 

1-4

4

5-20

1

21-100

0

>100

1

Type of hospital-wide intervention

 

Hand hygiene

4

Electronic health record

1

Multi-faceted patient safety*

3

Study design

 

Non-randomised controlled trial

1

Observational study

3

Controlled before and after study

2

Type of patient outcome

 

Mortality

2

Adverse events

4

Patient satisfaction

3

Nosocomial infections

3

Quality Improvement (QI) indicators**

3

Data collection method

 

Survey

5

Ethnography

1

Case note review

2

Administrative data

6

Interview

1

Study specific data

4

  1. *Multi-faceted patient safety intervention might include multiple interventions.
  2. **Initial antibiotic dose within 4 h of hospital arrival for pneumonia patients, fall rate per 1000 patient-days, chest pain pathway-discharged within 23 h of admission, annual HgA1c measurement in diabetic patients, left ventricular function evaluation on a yearly basis, appropriate use/non-use of ACE inhibitors [35].