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Table 3 Dimensions and items, Cronbach’s coefficient alpha, factor loadings and floor/ceiling effect for the Swedish Improvement Measurement Questionnaire (SIMQ) (n=92 when no other stated)

From: Evaluating a questionnaire to measure improvement initiatives in Swedish healthcare

 

Construct SIMS

Cronbach’s coefficient alpha * (+/− needed items to reach 0.7 reliability)

Factor loadings calculated at each sub dimension *

Factor loadings calculated at dimension level

Floor/Ceiling effect (%)

Item

Improvement Effectiveness Outcome (3 items)

0.67 (+1)

   

22

Progress satisfaction

  

0.86

1 / 21

23

Progress meeting expectations

  

0.77

2 / 4

24

Improvement attains organizational goals

  

0.72

2 / 27

Item

Internal Improvement processes (24 items)

0.72 (−1)

   
 

Improvement Uncertainty (2 items)

0.28 ^^

   

2

Difficulty to know improvement steps

 

0.77

0.26

0 / 1

7

Frequency difficulty problems arise

 

0.77

0.39

1 / 46

35

Resource Scarcity (5 items)

0.76 (−1)

   

a

Competition for finances

 

0.73

0.20

4 / 46

b

Competition for materials

 

0.75

0.19

1 / 52

c

Competition for management attention

 

0.68

0.34

5 / 34

d

Competition for personnel

 

0.81

0.48

10 / 24

e

Competition for time

 

0.62

0.19

22 / 4

 

Standardization of Procedures (1 item)

*

   

3

Details of rules and procedures

 

*

0.49

1 / 3

6

Decision Influence (4 items )

0.71 (0)

   

a

Deciding on improvement goals (n=91)

 

0.83

0.65

0 / 38

b

Deciding on work to be done (n=90)

 

0.88

0.59

0 / 39

c

Deciding on funding (n=64)

 

0.57

0.11

42 / 4

d

Deciding on personnel recruitment (n=71)

 

0.73

0.22

23 / 14

 

Expectations of Rewards and Sanctions **

0.34 ^^

   
 

Individual level (2 items)

0.60 ( +1)

   

15b

Chance of individual reward

 

0.85

0.41

0 / 46

16b

Chance of individual reprimand

 

0.85

0.35

0 / 51

 

Group level (2 items)

0.34 ^^

   

15a

Chance of group reward

 

0.78

0.57

10 / 12

16a

Chance of group reprimand

 

0.78

0.02

29 / 2

 

Improvement Group Leadership (5 items) ^

0.66 (+1) (0.76 (−1)) ^

   

10

Initiative encouraged

 

0.80

0.60

1 / 40

11

Members clear about responsibilities

 

0.52

0.53

0 / 41

12

Emphasis on task

 

0.88

0.66

1 / 42

13

Leader puts trust in members

 

0.81

0.61

0 / 55

21

Clear feedback

 

0.22

0.48

2 / 19

 

Freedom to Express Doubts (1 item)

*

   

14

Freedom to “rock the boat”

 

*

0.14

2 / 65

 

Learning Encouragement (2 items)

0.23 ^ ^

   

33

Failure not a career blight

 

0.75

0.22

0 / 34

34

Learning a high organizational priority

 

0.75

0.37

2 / 5

  1. * In sub-dimension with only one item no factor analyses or Cronbach' s alpha are calculated.
  2. ** This subcategory is divided into two because of its divergence.
  3. ^ Only four items scale, item 21 deleted.
  4. ^^ Sub-dimensions with Cronbach' s alpha below 0.6 no items needed to reach 0.7 reliability are calculated; due to their divergence this is not useful.