Effects of immigrant status on Emergency Room (ER) utilisation by children under age one: a population-based study in the province of Reggio Emilia (Italy)

Table 4 Adjusted utilisation Rate Ratio (RR), and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) for ER visits with white, red/yellow triage code and followed by hospitalisation, Reggio Emilia (Italy), 2008-2010

	White triage code^		Red/yellow triage codes*		Followed by hospitalisation*
Characteristics	RR	95% CI	RR	95% CI	RR	95% CI
Citizenship
Italian	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
Immigrant	1.72	1.48-2.00	1.25	0.98-1.59	1.58	1.33-1.89
Mother’s educational level
high	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
medium	0.94	0.79-1.13	1.12	0.80-1.57	1.35	1.05-1.72
low	1.56	1.28-1.90	1.75	1.25-2.46	1.58	1.22-2.04
trend	p ^§ < 0.001		p ^§ < 0.001		p ^§ = 0.001
Age at delivery
age <25	1.33	1.04-1.71	1.33	0.84-2.12	1.09	0.78-1.53
age 25-34	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
age > =35	1.14	0.97-1.33	1.18	0.92-1.52	0.85	0.72-1.02
Child gender
Male	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
Female	0.90	0.79-1.03	0.72	0.57-0.89	0.88	0.75-1.03
Previous live birth
None	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
At least one	0.83	0.70-0.98	1.12	0.90-1.40	1.14	0.97-1.35
Likelihood-ratio test for alpha = 0	p < 0.001		p < 0.001		p < 0.001
Vuong test	p = 0.032		p = 0.154		p = 0.080

^ Adjusted utilisation Rate Ratio (RR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) were obtained using multivariate zero inflated negative binomial regression model with citizenship, mother’s educational level, age at delivery, child gender, and previous live birth as covariates.
* Adjusted utilisation Rate Ratio (RR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) were obtained using multivariate negative binomial regression model with citizenship, mother’s educational level, age at delivery, child gender, and previous live birth as covariates.
§p value for linear trend test.

ISSN: 1472-6963