Empirical evidence of the continuing improvement in cost efficiency of an endoscopic surveillance programme for gastric cancer in Singapore from 2004 to 2010

Table 3 GEE models fitting temporal trends of cost indices and comparison of subgroup trends

		Overall cost			Clinical cost			GCEP cost			Personal cost
		Mean	95% CI	P	Mean	95% CI	P	Mean	95% CI^‡	P	Mean	95% CI^‡	P
A: Temporal trends
Whole Sample^*		−106	(−117, -95)	< 0.001	−40	(−46, -34)	< 0.001	−48	(−63, -34)	< 0.001	−9	(−12, -4)	< 0.001
Age (year) ^*	50-59	−109	(−124, -94)	< 0.001	−41	(−49, -33)	< 0.001	−40	(−60, -19)	< 0.001	−7	(−12, -1)	0.01
Age (year) ^*	> = 60	−102	(−117, -87)	< 0.001	−37	(−47, -28)	< 0.001	−59	(−78, -39)	< 0.001	−10	(−15, -5)	< 0.001
Gender^*	Male	−101	(−115, -87)	< 0.001	−37	(−45, -29)	< 0.001	−44	(−62, -26)	< 0.001	−7	(−12, -1)	0.009
Gender^*	Female	−112	(−131, -93)	< 0.001	−43	(−53, -34)	< 0.001	−54	(−77, -32)	< 0.001	−10	(−15, -4)	0.001
Risk Profile^*	High	−112	(−123, -100)	< 0.001	−43	(−49, -36)	< 0.001	−73	(−87, -60)	< 0.001	−13	(−17, -10)	< 0.001
Risk Profile^*	Moderate	−46	(−61, -32)	< 0.001	−18	(−28, -7)	0.001	26	(3, 49)	0.027	5	(−3, 14)	0.212
B: Comparisons between subgroups
> = 60 year vs. 50-59^†		21	(−23, 65)	0.36	17	(−5, 40)	0.127	34	(−17, 84)	0.188	4	(−11, 18)	0.634
Male vs. Female^†		10	(−35, 54)	0.675	1	(−21, 22)	0.965	15	(−34, 65)	0.536	7	(−8, 21)	0.382
High vs. Moderate^†		192	(155, 228)	< 0.001	87	(68, 104)	< 0.001	226	(190, 263)	< 0.001	39	(26, 52)	< 0.001

ISSN: 1472-6963