Study | Participants (n = 13284) * | Study design | Index and comparator test | Age | Men | Women |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) (years) | n(%) | n(%) | ||||
TOTAL | 69.76 (9.56) * | 5504 (41.43%)* | 5358 (40.33%)* | |||
Barker 2011 [42] | Phase I: 263 patients. Phase II 52 patients | Prospective cross-sectional study. Phase I: Assessment of predicitive accuracy; phase II: Assessment on inter-rater agreement. | The Northern Hospital Modified STRATIFY (TNH-STRATIFY) vs STRATIFY. | 61.32 (20.65) | 137 (52.09%) | 126 (47.91%) |
Chapman 2011 [43] | 1540 patients. | Descriptive and comparative cross-sectional study. | The Maine Medical Center fall risk assessment, the New York-Presbiterian Fall and injury risk assessment tool, Morse Fall Scale and Hendrich II fall risk model. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
Ivziku 2011 [44] | 179 patients. | Descriptive prospective study. | Hendrich Fall Risk Model II (HFRM II). | 79.47 (9.5) | 74 (41.34%) | 105 (58.66%) |
Kim EAN 2007 [26] | Validity study: 5489 patients. Reliability study: 144 patients | Prospective descriptive study. | Morse Fall Scale (MFS), St Thomas Risk Assessment Tool in Falling Elderly Inpatients (STRATIFY) and Hendrich II Fall Risk Model (HFRM II). | 55 (19) | 2842 (51.78%) | 2647 (48.22%) |
Kim KS 2011 [27] | 356 patients. | Prospective cohort study. | Morse Fall Scale (MFS), Bobath Memorial Hospital Fall Risk Assessment Scale (BMFRAS), Johns Hopkins Hospital Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT). | 62.6 (n.a.) | 201 (56.46%) | 155 (43.54%) |
Lovallo 2010 [45] | 1148 patients. | Prospective observational study. | Conley Scale and Hendrich Fall Risk Model. | 69 (10.33) | 680 (59.23%) | 468 (40.77%) |
Milisen 2007 [23] | Total sample: 2568 patients; surgical wards: 875 patients; medical wards: 1006 patients. | Prospective multicenter study. | St. Thomas’s Risk Assessment Tool in Falling Elderly Inpatients (STRATIFY). | Medical wards: 64.1 (18); Surgical wards: 58.2 (17.1) | Medical wards: 494 (49.10%); Surgical wards: 439 (50.17%) | Medical wards: 512 (50.9%); Surgical wards: 436 (49.83%) |
Oliver 1997 [15] | Phase 1: 116 cases and 116 controls; phase 2 (local validation): 217 patients; phase 3 (remote validation): 331 patients. | Phase 1: a prospective casecontrol study. Phases 2 and 3: prospective cohort study. | Development of STRATIFY. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
Papaioannou 2004 [20] | 620 patients. | Prospective validation cohort study. | Weigthed STRATIFY vs Unweighted STRATIFY. | 78 (7.7) | 282 (45.48%) | 338 (54.52%) |
Schmid 1990 [46] | Phase 1: 204 patients; phase 2: 334 patients. | Phase 1: a retrospective casecontrol study. Phase 2: prospective cohort study. | Development of a new fall risk assessment tool. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
Schwendimann 2006 A [22] | 386 patients. | Prospective cohort study. | Morse Fall Scale (MFS). | 70.3 (18.5) | 156 (40.41%) | 230 (59.59%) |
Schwendimann 2007 [25] | 275 patients. | Prospective cohort study. | Morse Fall Scale (MFS). | 80.3 (12.4) | 99 (36%) | 176 (64%) |
Vassallo 2005 [47] | 135 patients. | Prospective, open, observational study. | STRATIFY, Downton, Tullamore, and Tinetti. | 83.8 (8.01) | 49 (36.3%) | 86 (63.7%) |
Walsh 2010 [48] | 130 inpatients in the predictive accuracy evaluation; 25 and 35 inpatients for the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability analyses. | Prospective cohort study of predictive validity and observational investigation of intra- and inter-rater reliability. | A new instrument (Western Health Falls Risk Assessment, WHeFRA) was compared with ‘gold standard tool’ (STRATIFY). | 75 (29–94)** | 51 (39.23%) | 79 (60.77%) |