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Table 1 Sample Characteristics - Age group 0-9 and 10-19 years

From: The effects of oral clefts on hospital use throughout the lifespan

Variables

Age group

   
 

0-9 years

 

10-19 years

 
 

controls

cases

controls

cases

Total number of observations

665,588

26,178

683,315

27,500

Total number of individuals

90,791

3,597

98,163

3,889

Male

342,157 (51.41%)

15,684 (59.91%)

351,112 (51.38%)

16,756 (60.93%)

Age (years)

4.54 (2.86)

4.59 (2.85)

14.54 (2.88)

14.53 (2.87)

Hospitalized at least once

57,287 (8.61%)

6,949 (26.55%)

38,312 (5.61%)

4,475 (16.27%)

Days hospitalized (among those with at least one hospitalization)

5.23 (11.34)

8.08 (11.11)

4.67 (9.60)

5.64 (6.33)

Maternal age (years)

32.80 (5.38)

32.74 (5.51)

41.39 (5.42)

41.27 (5.51)

Paternal age (years)

35.54 (6.17)

35.59 (6.27)

44.20 (6.11)

44.17(6.27)

Maternal income (DKK)

146,463 (90,890)

142,991 (84,593)

149,570 (101,353)

148,123 (113,759)

Paternal income (DKK)

242,329 (189,762)

233,934 (171,085)

259,505 (224,802)

248,957 (205,933)

Maternal education

    

Primary and lower secondary

221,224 (33.24%)

9,928 (37.92%)

277,152 (40.56%)

12,247 (44.53%)

Upper and post-secondary

267,481 (40.19%)

9,957 (38.04%)

250,418 (36.65%)

9,656 (35.11%)

Tertiary

176,883 (26.58%)

6,293 (24.04%)

155,745 (22.79%)

5,597 (20.35%)

Paternal education

    

Primary and lower secondary

175,444 (26.36%)

7,808 (29.83%)

210,665 (30.83%)

9,604 (34.92%)

Upper and post-secondary

323,376 (48.59%)

12,503 (47.76%)

317,229 (46.43%)

12,307 (44.75%)

Tertiary

166,768 (25.06%)

5,867 (22.41%)

155,421 (22.75%)

5,589 (20.32%)

Maternal occupational status

    

Self-employed

26,960 (4.05%)

943 (3.60%)

50,088 (7.33%)

1,873 (6.81%)

Employed

480,752 (72.23%)

18,666 (71.30%)

509,599 (74.58%)

20,000 (72.73%)

Unemployed/others

157,876 (23.72%)

6,569 (25.09%)

123,628 (18.09%)

5,627 (20.46%)

Paternal occupational status

    

Self-employed

65,939 (9.91%)

2,715 (10.37%)

97,360 (14.25%)

3,955 (14.38%)

Employed

531,849 (79.91%)

20,552 (78.51%)

519,868 (76.08%)

20,328 (73.92%)

Unemployed/others

67,800 (10.19%)

2,911 (11.12%)

66,087 (9.67%)

3,217 (11.70%)

Maternal marital status

    

Married

449,196 (67.49%)

17,113 (65.37%)

531,119 (77.73%)

20,912 (76.04%)

Cohabiting

139,977 (21.03%)

5,700 (21.77%)

54,594 (7.99%)

2,213 (8.05%)

Single

76,415 (11.48%)

3,365 (12.85%)

97,602 (14.28%)

4,375 (15.91%)

Maternal urbanization

    

> = 1000 Inh/km2

107,350 (16.13%)

3,877 (14.81%)

90,742 (13.28%)

3,948 (14.36%)

500-999 Inh/km2

103,838 (15.60%)

4,237 (16.19%)

103,881 (15.20%)

4,227 (15.37%)

200-499 Inh/km2

126,009 (18.93%)

4,840 (18.49%)

130,914 (19.16%)

4,817 (17.52%)

100-199 Inh/km2

96,566 (14.51%)

3,651 (13.95%)

104,857 (15.35%)

4,323 (15.72%)

50-99 Inh/km2

143,713 (21.59%)

5,719 (21.85%)

156,472 (22.90%)

6,058 (22.03%)

< 50 Inh/km2

88,112 (13.24%)

3,854 (14.72%)

96,449 (14.11%)

4,127 (15.01%)

Exposure time (days living in Denmark per year)

347.50 (62.19)

348.12 (61.87)

364.67 (10.52)

364.83 (9.58)

  1. Note: The table reports the distribution of the model variables in the case and control groups for age groups 0-19 years. For continuous variables, the mean is reported with the standard deviation in parenthesis. For categorical variables, the frequency is reported with the percentage in parenthesis. "Inh" indicates inhabitants.